Evidence mapPaperPMID 40509792Full record

ArticleThe Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences2026

Electrographic Features of Catatonia With or Without Comorbid Delirium.

James Luccarelli, Joshua R Smith, Niels Turley, Jonathan P Rogers, Haoqi Sun, Samuel I Kohrman, Gregory Fricchione, M Brandon Westover

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

James LuccarelliDepartments of Psychiatry (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione) and Neurology (Sun, Westover), Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center at Village of Vanderbilt, and Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville (Smith); Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (Turley, Sun, Westover); Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London (Rogers).ORCID 0000-0002-1606-3917
Joshua R SmithDepartments of Psychiatry (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione) and Neurology (Sun, Westover), Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center at Village of Vanderbilt, and Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville (Smith); Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (Turley, Sun, Westover); Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London (Rogers).ORCID 0000-0001-7008-165X
Niels TurleyDepartments of Psychiatry (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione) and Neurology (Sun, Westover), Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center at Village of Vanderbilt, and Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville (Smith); Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (Turley, Sun, Westover); Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London (Rogers).
Jonathan P RogersDepartments of Psychiatry (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione) and Neurology (Sun, Westover), Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center at Village of Vanderbilt, and Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville (Smith); Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (Turley, Sun, Westover); Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London (Rogers).
Haoqi SunDepartments of Psychiatry (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione) and Neurology (Sun, Westover), Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center at Village of Vanderbilt, and Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville (Smith); Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (Turley, Sun, Westover); Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London (Rogers).
Samuel I KohrmanDepartments of Psychiatry (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione) and Neurology (Sun, Westover), Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center at Village of Vanderbilt, and Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville (Smith); Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (Turley, Sun, Westover); Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London (Rogers).
Gregory FricchioneDepartments of Psychiatry (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione) and Neurology (Sun, Westover), Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center at Village of Vanderbilt, and Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville (Smith); Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (Turley, Sun, Westover); Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London (Rogers).
M Brandon WestoverDepartments of Psychiatry (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione) and Neurology (Sun, Westover), Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Luccarelli, Kohrman, Fricchione); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center at Village of Vanderbilt, and Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville (Smith); Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (Turley, Sun, Westover); Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London (Rogers).

Funding

Late-onset Unexplained Epilepsy as a Risk Factor for DementiaR01NS130119 · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · 2025 to 2025
$2.9M
Data-Driven Sleep Biomarkers of Brain Health, Heart Health, and MortalityR01HL161253 · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · 2025 to 2025
$2.1M
Comparative Safety of Seizure Prophylaxis within the Medicare ProgramR01AG073410 · NIA · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · 2024 to 2025
$1.6M
Prospective Validation of Neurophysiologic Outcome Prediction in Acute Brain InjuryR01NS126282 · NINDS · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · 2024 to 2025
$1.4M
Overall: Eunice Kennedy Shriver Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center at VanderbiltP50HD103537 · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · 2025 to 2025
$1.2M
Establishing a Brain Health IndexR01NS120947 · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · 2025 to 2025
$806k
Low Neurophysiologic Resistance to Anesthetics as a Marker of Preclinical/Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease and Neurovascular Pathology, Delirium risk and InattentionR01AG073598 · DUKE UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$704k
Comparative Effectiveness of EEG-Guided Anti-Seizure Treatment in Acute Brain InjuryR01NS131347 · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · 2025 to 2025
$591k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL161253NIA NIH HHS R01 AG073410NIA NIH HHS R01 AG073598NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG064312NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD103537NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH112485NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS120947NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS126282NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS130119NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS131347NINDS NIH HHS RF1 NS120947Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveCatatonia is an underdiagnosed disorder characterized by speech and motor abnormalities. EEG examinations may improve the accuracy of a catatonia diagnosis, but clinical and electrographic correlations have not been established. The authors describe catatonic features and EEG findings in a large multisite retrospective cohort.

methodsThe clinical records in two health care systems were searched for patients with an EEG recording and a catatonia assessment with the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale conducted within 24 hours of each other. Included patients were retrospectively screened for delirium through a chart-based assessment. Augmented inverse propensity weighting (AIPW) was used to estimate the causal effects of delirium and catatonia on the presence of an abnormal EEG finding.

resultsOverall, 178 patients met inclusion criteria, 144 (81%) of whom had catatonia. Among the patients with catatonia, 43% also had delirium. EEG abnormalities were present among 43% of patients with catatonia, including 28% of patients with catatonia without delirium and 69% of the patients with co-occurring catatonia and delirium. Individual catatonic signs and EEG abnormalities showed only a weak correlation. In AIPW models, a delirium diagnosis was associated with significantly higher odds for an abnormal EEG finding (OR=6.75; 95% CI=2.83-16.14), whereas a diagnosis of catatonia was not (OR=1.83, 95% CI=0.79-4.24).

conclusionsEEG abnormalities are common among individuals with catatonia, but these are difficult to disentangle from abnormalities resulting from co-occurring delirium. Further research is needed to define the role of EEG examinations in the assessments of catatonia and delirium.

Indexed as

CatatoniaDeliriumElectroencephalographyAdultAgedComorbidityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesCatatoniaDeliriumDiagnosis and Classification in NeuropsychiatryEEG

Identifiers

PMID40509792
PMCPMC12357770

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.