Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40510259›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of preventive cardiology2025

Carotid intima-media thickness, cardiovascular disease, and risk factors in 29,000 UK Biobank adults.

Sayan Mitra, Raaj Kishore Biswas, Petra Hooijenga, Sophie Cassidy, Andrea Nova, Isabella De Ciutiis, Tian Wang, Cynthia M Kroeger, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Andrius Masedunskas and 3 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in American journal of preventive cardiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  7. Observational
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  16. Research progress of stem cells in the treatment of atherosclerosis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Sayan MitraCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Raaj Kishore BiswasCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Petra HooijengaCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Sophie CassidyCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Andrea NovaDepartment of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
Isabella De CiutiisCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Tian WangCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Cynthia M KroegerCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Emmanuel StamatakisCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Andrius MasedunskasCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Raffaele De CaterinaPostgraduate School of Cardiology, Pisa University Hospital, University of Pisa.
Maria L CagigasCentral Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Luigi FontanaCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Importance: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Identifying early markers of subclinical atherosclerosis is critical for predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and improving prevention strategies. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a well-established surrogate marker of atherosclerosis, but the impact of cardiometabolic risk factor burden on cIMT and future MACE risk is not fully understood. Objective: To assess the association between cIMT and the risk of MACE, and to evaluate the relationship between a composite cardiometabolic-risk biomarker index and cIMT as well as future MACE risk. Design: Prospective cohort study using data from the UK Biobank, with a median follow-up of 4.3 years. Setting: Population-based study of 29,292 participants from the UK Biobank. Participants: Men and women aged 40 to 69 years (n=29,292) free from cardiovascular disease at baseline. Exclusions were made for those with prior coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. Exposures: Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) measured at baseline. A composite cardiometabolic-risk biomarker index (CRBI) was developed using HbA1c, total cholesterol ratio, and blood pressure. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcomes were the risk of MACE, including coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), and heart failure (HF). The association between cIMT, CRBI, and the risk of these events was evaluated using hazard ratios (HRs) and adjusted for confounders. Results: Higher cIMT values (>800 µm) were predictive of increased risk for CHD (HR: 2.15 at 800 µm; 95 % CI: 1.07-4.31) and MI (HR: 2.46 at 800 µm; 95 % CI: 0.93-6.53). The cumulative burden of cardiometabolic risk factors, as measured by the CRBI score, was significantly associated with increased cIMT (β=44.38 µm for very high CRBI score; 95 % CI: 38.25-50.51; Conclusions: Carotid intima-media thickness is a strong predictor of coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction. The cumulative cardiometabolic-risk biomarker index offers additional predictive value for subclinical atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular events. These findings underscore the importance of comprehensive cardiometabolic health in CVD prevention strategies.

Indexed as

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseBlood pressureCardiometabolic-risk biomarker indexCardiometabolic risk factorCardiovascular disease preventionCarotid intima-media thicknessCoronary heart diseaseHbA1cHeart failureLifestyle factorsMajor adverse cardiovascular eventsMyocardial infarctionPhysical activityProspective cohort studySmokingSubclinical atherosclerosisTotal cholesterol ratioUK biobank

Identifiers

PMID40510259
PMCPMC12162042

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.