Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40511118›Full record

ArticleJournal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences2025

Impact of Psychiatric Nurse-Led Programs on Self-Care Practices, Medication Adherence, and Psychological Health in Schizophrenia Patients: A Mixed-Methods Investigation of Caregiver Experiences.

Palani Subbiah, Theranirajan Ethiraj, Shankar Shanmugam Rajendran, Venkatesh Mathankumar, Anbalagan Marudan, Gayathri Karunakaran, Kala Paramasivam

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Palani SubbiahDepartment of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, The TN Dr MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Theranirajan EthirajDean, Madras Medical College, The TN Dr MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Shankar Shanmugam RajendranPrincipal, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, TN Dr MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Venkatesh MathankumarProfessor of Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Madras Medical College, The TN Dr MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Anbalagan MarudanDepartment of Child Health Nursing, Madras Medical College, TN Dr MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Gayathri KarunakaranDepartment of Child Health Nursing, Madras Medical College, TN Dr MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Kala ParamasivamDepartment of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, The TN Dr MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Schizophrenia affects approximately 20 million people worldwide, where social dysfunction is significant along with burdening the care giver. Effective intervention is critical to enhance self-care, medication adherence, and psychological well-being. Materials and Methods: This mixed-method study used an explanatory sequential design with 60 caregivers at Institute of Mental Health, Chennai. Psychoeducation, breathing exercises, and relaxation techniques formed the intervention strategy, while data were obtained through a variety of scales. Results: The intervention improved significantly in self-care (from 77.50 to 86.17), medication compliance (from 3.05 to 4.48), and psychological well-being (from 67.68 to 76.42). The qualitative themes included caregiver empowerment. Conclusion: The intervention has enhanced caregiver outcomes; hence, it can be incorporated into psychiatric care. Future studies should explore the long-term effects.

Indexed as

Caregivermedication compliancepsychiatric nursingschizophreniaself-care

Identifiers

PMID40511118
PMCPMC12156616

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.