Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40511458›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in psychiatry2025

Maternal exacerbating and protective factors that shape the prevalence and severity of child attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a narrative review.

Corinne Thorsheim, Sana Khan, Ye Lu, Robert P Kauffman

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Corinne ThorsheimRocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Parker, CO, United States.
Sana KhanRocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Parker, CO, United States.
Ye LuRocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Parker, CO, United States.
Robert P KauffmanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Amarillo, TX, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a widely prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder that affects millions of children and adolescents in the U.S. Despite the growing number of diagnoses, the maternal exacerbating and protective factors influencing ADHD symptom severity in offspring remain largely understudied. This narrative review examines the interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors, focusing on specific single nucleotide polymorphisms, polygenic risk scores for ADHD and comorbidities, mitochondrial DNA haplotypes, and X-linked inheritance. Key epigenetic influences include maternal gestational weight gain, young parental age, parental gene-psychopathology interactions, shared genetic loci between maternal educational attainment and ADHD, maternal prenatal stress, maternal hostility and maltreatment, postnatal household chaos, and parenting styles, all which shape ADHD symptom severity in the context of genetic predispositions. Importantly, the positive effects of elevated socioeconomic status and positive parenting on symptom severity may also be influenced by maternal genetic factors, representing an avenue for further research. The maternal environmental factors associated with ADHD in offspring, such as

Indexed as

attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)developmental outcomesmaternal environmental factorsmaternal exacerbating factorsmaternal genetic factorsmaternal protective factorsmaternal psychopathologies

Identifiers

PMID40511458
PMCPMC12159003

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.