ArticleAging clinical and experimental research2025
Association between metabolic score for insulin resistance and hypertension in middle-aged and older adults: a nationwide cross-sectional and longitudinal study.
Article in Aging clinical and experimental research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- A novel score to evaluate nonlinear association between insulin resistance and new-onset diabetes mellitus: A cohort analysis.Medicine · 2026Article
- Association between cumulative biological risk and hypertension in older adults in Korea: a population-based cross-sectional study.Journal of Korean biological nursing science · 2026Article
- Nonlinear association between metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) and prevalent hypertension: a cross-sectional study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Metabolic score for insulin resistance is associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease among adults with hypertension: a cross-sectional secondary analysis of a Chinese single-center health check-up population.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Prognostic value of four insulin resistance indices in predicting new-onset hypertension: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Differential associations of cumulative average metabolic score for insulin resistance with heart disease and stroke: a prospective cohort study of middle-aged and older Chinese adults.Nutrition & metabolism · 2025Article
- METS-VF and METS-IR as predictors of acute myocardial infarction in U.S. adults: Evidence from NHANES 2005 to 2018.Medicine · 2025Article
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10 authors.
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Abstract
introductionMetabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) is a promising and reliable non-insulin-based method for assessing insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease risk. Through cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, we evaluated the predictive ability of METS-IR for hypertension risk, aiming to provide a basis for early screening and intervention strategies to reduce hypertension-related complications.
methodsData were utilized from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), involving participants aged 45 and above with complete METS-IR and self-reported hypertension records. A combination of cross-sectional (waves 1 and 3) and longitudinal designs was used to track hypertension incidence, with 10,738 participants in the cross-sectional analysis and 6,788 participants in the longitudinal analysis. Data collection included health behaviors, physical measurements, and blood tests. METS-IR was calculated using a standardized formula, and hypertension was defined according to established criteria. Statistical analyses assessed associations, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.
resultsThe cross-sectional analysis, after adjusting for confounders, showed that each unit increase in METS-IR was associated with a threefold increase in the risk of hypertension (adjusted OR = 3.48, 95% CI: 2.87, 4.21, P < 0.0001). A significant nonlinear relationship between METS-IR and hypertension risk was observed, particularly beyond a value of 2.0, where the risk significantly increased. Subgroup analysis revealed that smoking and sex significantly affected this association. Longitudinal analysis demonstrated that each unit increase in METS-IR was significantly associated with increased hypertension incidence at 2 years (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.18, P < 0.05), 5 years (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.97, P < 0.05), and 7 years (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.38, 2.12,, P < 0.0001), respectively.
conclusionUsing CHARLS data, we found that higher METS-IR independently predicts hypertension incidence and prevalence in Chinese older adults.
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