ArticleJournal of advanced research2026
Burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in China: a systematic analysis from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2050.
Article in Journal of advanced research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Burden profiles and mortality-attributable risk factors for gastrointestinal cancers: A comprehensive analysis, 1990-2021.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Metagenomic characterization of the resistome, bacteriome and mobilome in raw milk from intensive farming systems.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Article
- Isolation and characterization of novel bacteriophage, vB_AbaA_SWMUZ8, targeting multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Prevalence and mobile genetic element-mediated dissemination of antimicrobial resistance along the swine industry chain of Guizhou, China.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Burden of antimicrobial resistance in the WHO Southeast Asia and Western Pacific Regions, 1990-2021: a cross-country systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050.Military Medical Research · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and Characteristics of Antibiotic Resistance of ESKAPE andInfection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Impact of pharmaceutical intervention on the use of intravenous antibiotics in patients with bacterial upper respiratory tract infections: protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and risk factors of multidrug-resistant organisms in a Chinese tertiary hospital: a 10-year retrospective cohort study across the COVID-19 policy phases, 2013-2023.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Antibacterial, antibiofilm and cytotoxic properties of Aloe vera-synthesized silver titanium nanoparticles.AMB Express · 2025Article
- An Overview of the Epidemiology of Multidrug Resistance and Bacterial Resistance Mechanisms: What Solutions Are Available? A Comprehensive Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Antibacterial nanoagents: an emerging arsenal against bacterial persisters.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Distribution Features and Antimicrobial Resistance Trends of Clinical Pathogens: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in East China (2020-2024).Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a critical health challenge; however, there is a paucity of in-depth reports outlining its burden and trends in China.
objectivesThis study aimed to systematically assess the burden of bacterial AMR in China from 1990 to 2021 and project future trends up to 2050, providing critical insights for AMR control and policy-making.
methodsWe analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, encompassing 12 infectious syndromes, 64 pathogens (including 22 with AMR), and 84 pathogen-drug combinations. The burden was quantified by deaths and disability-adjusted life years under two counterfactual scenarios: those associated with AMR and those attributable to AMR. Trends were assessed using joinpoint regression analysis, and future projections up to 2050 were modeled using an autoregressive integrated moving average approach.
resultsIn 2021, AMR was attributable to approximately 160,268 (95% uncertainty intervals [UI]: 132,375-188,160) deaths in China, with up to 711,852 (95% UI: 586,447-837,256) fatalities associated with AMR. The most lethal infectious syndrome was bloodstream infections, with key pathogen-drug combinations including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), carbapenem-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Between 1990 and 2021, there was a substantial decrease in the burden among children under the age of five, primarily due to a decline in fatalities caused by carbapenem-resistant S. pneumoniae. In contrast, the burden increased among individuals aged 45 and older, with MRSA identified as the principal contributor. Projections indicate that by 2050, AMR could be associated with 769,432 deaths in China, of which 180,123 directly attributable to AMR.
conclusionOur findings provide a comprehensive evaluation of AMR burden in China, highlighting the urgent need for targeted interventions to prevent and control resistant infections, particularly among older adults.
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