Evidence mapPaperPMID 40514554Full record

ReviewInnere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany)2025

[Weight reduction with incretin mimetics-Opportunities and risks].

Thomas J Zech, Benjamin Kirchweger, Robert Fürst

Abstract readEnglish AbstractReview
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In one paragraph

Review in Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Thomas J Zech
Benjamin Kirchweger
Robert FürstPharmazeutische Biologie, Department Pharmazie - Zentrum für Pharmaforschung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5, 81377, München, Deutschland. robert.fuerst@cup.lmu.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundObesity affects a growing number of people worldwide and is associated with severe metabolic, cardiovascular and oncological complications. Obesity not only represents an individual health burden but is also a socioeconomic challenge. With the incretin mimetics liraglutide, semaglutide and tirzepatide, a new class of drugs is now available that for the first time enables substantial and clinically relevant weight reduction.

objectiveThe article sheds light on the efficacy, safety and prospects of obesity treatment based on glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). In addition to the results of key clinical trials, potential risks, limitations of use, typical side effects and drug interactions are discussed. Economic aspects are also explained.

resultsClinical trials show an average weight reduction of 15-20%, with tirzepatide in particular being highly effective. Positive side effects of the treatment mainly concern metabolism (prediabetes and type 2 diabetes regression) and cardiovascular diseases. The main side effects are the frequently occurring gastrointestinal disorders, such as nausea and vomiting. The long-term safety of the substances has not yet been conclusively proven. High costs, limited access and the potential for abuse pose additional challenges. Combination preparations and orally available drugs are currently under development.

conclusionIncretin mimetics represent a major advance in the treatment of obesity but require careful selection, close monitoring and long-term integration into lifestyle measures.

Indexed as

Anti-Obesity AgentsGlucagon-Like Peptide 1IncretinsObesityWeight LossDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucagon-Like PeptidesHumansLiraglutideSemaglutideAnti-Obesity AgentsGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like PeptidesIncretinsLiraglutideSemaglutideCardiovascular diseasesDiabetes mellitus, type 2Glucagon-like peptide 1Incretin mimetics/adverse effectsObesity

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.