ArticleEndocrine2025
Impact of oral contraceptive use on muscle mass and strength in women with PCOS.
Article in Endocrine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Beyond birth control: how oral contraceptives impact skeletal muscle health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of polycystic ovary syndrome on liver, heart, muscle, and pancreatic-related diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- The Effects ofFood science & nutrition · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by androgen excess and ovulatory dysfunction and appears to be associated with alterations in muscle mass and function. The study aims to investigate whether oral contraceptive (OC) use affects muscle mass and strength in women with PCOS.
methodsTwenty women with PCOS (median age 20.5 years and BMI 26.1 kg/m
resultsAt baseline, women with PCOS exhibited significantly higher levels of total testosterone, free androgen index (FAI), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.004, respectively). PCOS group also showed significantly higher average power (AvP) of knee extensors at 60°/sec (p = 0.002). AvP correlated positively with total testosterone and FAI levels in the whole study group (r = 0.450, p = 0.004, r = 0.318, p = 0.045, respectively). Following OC therapy, testosterone levels and FAI decreased (p = 0.02 and p < 0.001, respectively); whereas thigh muscle mass or lower limb strength remained unchanged.
conclusionsShort-term OC use in women with PCOS led to a reduction in androgen excess without measurable effects on muscle composition or strength. These findings suggest that muscle function and composition remain stable over the short term, despite hormonal modulation. Further research is required to understand how long-term management strategies for PCOS might affect muscle mass and function.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.