Evidence mapPaperPMID 40516913Full record

ReviewJournal of advanced research2026

Deciphering molecular pathways in urological cancers: A gateway to precision therapeutics.

Kiavash Hushmandi, Najma Farahani, Behzad Einollahi, Shokooh Salimimoghadam, Mina Alimohammadi, Liping Liang, Le Liu, Gautam Sethi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of advanced research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. JUNB and JUND in Urological Cancers: A Literature Review.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025
    Review
  7. Hippo/YAP signaling's multifaceted crosstalk in cancer.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kiavash HushmandiNephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: Houshmandi.kia7@ut.ac.ir.
Najma FarahaniFarhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital,TMs.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Behzad EinollahiNephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Shokooh SalimimoghadamDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Mina AlimohammadiDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Liping LiangGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China.
Le LiuDepartment of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China. Electronic address: 1402744723@smu.edu.cn.
Gautam SethiDepartment of Pharmacology and NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore 117600 Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: phcgs@nus.edu.sg.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundUrological cancers, including prostate, kidney, bladder, testicular, and penile cancers, pose a significant health challenge, particularly in their metastatic stages. Surgical interventions remain fundamental, but recent advancements in medical therapies like chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies have shown promise in improving patient outcomes. AIM OF REVIEW: This review aims to explore the current landscape of targeted therapies in urological cancers, focusing on the role of key signaling pathways such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), mechanistic (mammalian) target of rapamycin (mTOR), growth factor-related mechanisms, c-Mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-Met)/hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), programmed cell death protein 1 and its ligand programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1), and steroid hormone receptor pathways in tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. Key scientific concepts of review Dysregulation of pathways like PI3K/Akt and mTOR contributes to tumorigenesis, metastasis, and resistance to treatment, underscoring their relevance as therapeutic targets. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy but face challenges such as intrinsic resistance and treatment-related toxicities. Integrating insights from signaling pathway research with clinical practice holds potential for developing more effective treatment paradigms, enhancing the efficacy of targeted therapies, and improving survival rates for patients with urological cancers.

Indexed as

Precision MedicineSignal TransductionUrologic NeoplasmsHumansImmunotherapyMolecular Targeted TherapyTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesBiomarker-driven treatmentPrecision oncologyTargeted therapyTherapeutic resistanceUrologic neoplasms

Identifiers

PMID40516913
PMCPMC12957828

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.