Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40518855›Full record

SynthesisThe British journal of nutrition2025

Food marketing, eating and health outcomes in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Emma Boyland, Magdalena Muc, Anna Coates, Louisa Ells, Jason C G Halford, Zoe Hill, Michelle Maden, Jamie Matu, Maria J Maynard, Jayne Rodgers and 4 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The British journal of nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Are wePublic health nutrition · 2026
    Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. The association between exposure to food marketing and dietary intake among youth in six countries.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025
    Article
  14. A Mixed Method Study Exploring Children and Young People's Perception of Energy Drinks and Analysing Consumption Patterns.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Emma BoylandDepartment of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZA, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8384-4994
Magdalena MucFaculty of Wellbeing, Education and Language Studies, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK.
Anna CoatesDepartment of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZA, UK.
Louisa EllsObesity Institute, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, LS1 3HE, UK.
Jason C G HalfordSchool of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
Zoe HillOffice for Health Improvement & Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, London, SW1H 0EU, UK.
Michelle MadenLiverpool Reviews and Implementation Group, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GB, UK.
Jamie MatuObesity Institute, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, LS1 3HE, UK.
Maria J MaynardObesity Institute, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, LS1 3HE, UK.
Jayne RodgersTeesside University International Business School, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK.
Victoria TargettOffice for Health Improvement & Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, London, SW1H 0EU, UK.
Mimi Tatlow-GoldenFaculty of Wellbeing, Education and Language Studies, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK.
Michelle YoungOffice for Health Improvement & Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, London, SW1H 0EU, UK.
Andrew JonesDepartment of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZA, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The marketing of unhealthy foods has been implicated in poor diet and rising levels of obesity. Rapid developments in the digital food marketing ecosystem and associated research mean that contemporary review of the evidence is warranted. This preregistered (CRD420212337091) systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide an updated synthesis of the evidence for behavioural and health impacts of food marketing on both children and adults, using the 4Ps framework (Promotion, Product, Price, Place). Ten databases were searched from 2014 to 2021 for primary data articles of quantitative or mixed design, reporting on one or more outcome of interest following food marketing exposure compared with a relevant control. Reviews, abstracts, letters/editorials and qualitative studies were excluded. Eighty-two studies were included in the narrative review and twenty-three in the meta-analyses. Study quality (RoB2/Newcastle-Ottawa scale) was mixed. Studies examined 'promotion' (

Indexed as

DietFeeding BehaviorFoodMarketingAdolescentAdultChildConsumer BehaviorFood PreferencesHumansAdultsChildrenEatingFood marketingHealthMeta-analysisSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID40518855
PMCPMC12169957

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.