Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40520558›Full record

ArticleMaterials today. Bio2025

A pH-responsive PEG coating strategy for enhancing the enrichment of small extracellular vesicles towards disease regions with acidic microenvironment.

Jianwei Zhao, Xinyu Niu, Lei Luo, Ji Yuan, Juntao Zhang, Xin Niu, Hengli Tian, Yunlong Yang, Zhifeng Deng, Yang Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Materials today. Bio, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Rethinking Extracellular Vesicle Signaling.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jianwei ZhaoDepartment of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Xinyu NiuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Lei LuoSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
Ji YuanThe Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Juntao ZhangThe Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Xin NiuThe Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Hengli TianDepartment of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Yunlong YangThe Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Zhifeng DengDepartment of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Yang WangThe Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The clinical translation of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) as nanocarriers and therapeutic agents is severely hindered by their rapid clearance, leading to significant off-target effects. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating of sEVs provides a straightforward approach to address this challenge, yet it compromises their cellular internalization. To overcome this issue, we developed an acid-responsive PEG coating strategy for sEVs using 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methyl-2,5-dioxo-3-furanpropanoic acid (CDM)-modified methoxy PEG (mPEG-CDM). Western blot analysis and cellular uptake studies demonstrated that mPEG-CDM anchors to sEV membrane proteins through acid-labile cis-aconityl bonds, significantly reducing macrophage-mediated phagocytosis under physiological conditions, while restoring cellular internalization in endothelial cells (bEnd.3) and tumor cells (GL261) under weakly acidic conditions.

Indexed as

Brain diseaseEngineering of sEVspH responsive PEG coatingsEVs based therapy

Identifiers

PMID40520558
PMCPMC12166399

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.