ArticleInternational journal of nephrology and renovascular disease2025
Association of Beta-2 Microglobulin Concentrations with Frailty in Patients Undergoing Chronic Hemodialysis.
Article in International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) undergoing regular hemodialysis experience various metabolic changes, including premature aging marked by increased prevalence of frailty. Beta-2 microglobulin (B2M), a uremic toxin whose concentration significantly increases in hemodialysis patients, has emerged as a potential biomarker of frailty. Previous evidence suggests potential link between B2M and frailty in older adults. However, data on its relationship with frailty in hemodialysis patients remains limited. Purpose: To determine the relationship between B2M concentration and frailty in hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study utilizing primary data from hemodialysis patients at Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM), employing a total sampling method. Beta-2 microglobulin was measured using the Enzyme-Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA) method. Frailty was assessed using the Frailty Index 40-item. Medical history was obtained from medical records and interviews. Chi-square tests were performed to determine the relationship between B2M and frailty. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine variables that affect frailty. Results: A total of 79 subjects participated in the study. The median B2M concentration was 32.8 (IQR 29.8-36.77). Higher B2M concentration showed a trend toward increased frailty prevalence (PR of 4.83, 95% CI 0.69-33.81, p = 0.113). The final multivariate analysis showed that sarcopenia (PR 5.37; 95% CI 2.88-10.04) was strongly and consistently associated with frailty prevalence. Conclusion: Higher B2M showed a trend towards increased frailty prevalence; however, this association is not statistically significant. Sarcopenia is a significant factor influencing the prevalence of frailty in hemodialysis patients.
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