ArticleBMJ open2025
Trends in high remnant cholesterol level and its risk factors among US adults using NHANES data from 1999 to 2020: a serial cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesTo describe the trends in high remnant cholesterol (HRC) prevalence and identify its risk factors.
designA serial cross-sectional study.
settingData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2020 were analysed.
participantsA total of 24 658 adults aged ≥18 years with fasting total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) measured were included. OUTCOME MEASURE: Serum TC was measured using an enzymatic method. HDL-C and TG were quantified using photometry. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was estimated by using the Sampson formula. Remnant cholesterol (RC) was defined as TC-HDL-C-LDL-C. HRC was defined as RC≥0.78 mmol/L.
resultsThe multivariable-adjusted survey-weighted HRC prevalence decreased from 26.6% (1999-2002) to 13.7% (2015-2020) with a 5.4% reduction per year (p
conclusionHRC prevalence has significantly decreased among US adults over the past two decades, likely due to improved cholesterol management. However, certain groups, particularly those with higher BMI and diabetes, remain at elevated risk. Public health efforts should mitigate these disparities to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk.
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