Evidence mapPaperPMID 40527903Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Stable heritability of type 1 diabetes in a Swedish Nationwide Cohort Study.

Yuxia Wei, Tomas Andersson, Shengxin Liu, Maria Feychting, Ralf Kuja-Halkola, Sofia Carlsson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yuxia WeiInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. yuxia.wei@ki.se.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3390-0844
Tomas AnderssonInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Shengxin LiuDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Maria FeychtingInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5101-0060
Ralf Kuja-HalkolaDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3765-2067
Sofia CarlssonInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. sofia.carlsson@ki.se.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9497-2331

Funding

China Scholarship Council (CSC) 202006010041
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Incidence of type 1 diabetes is increasing globally, which is hypothesized to be due to environmental influences. We leverage Swedish nationwide registers linked to all children (n = 2,928,704) born in 1982-2010 to investigate if the heritability of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes has changed over time and how alterations in environmental factors have contributed to the rising type 1 diabetes incidence. The heritability is estimated at 0.83 (95% confidence interval: 0.79, 0.86) and stable over the observation period (0.80 [0.71, 0.86] in 1982, 0.83 [0.79, 0.86] in 2000, and 0·83 [0.79, 0.86] in 2010, respectively). Environmental factors including maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood adiposity explain <10% of the increasing type 1 diabetes incidence. In this work, the heritability of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes has remained high and stable over the last 30 years. Our findings indicate that the available environmental factors are not the major contributors to the rise in type 1 diabetes in Sweden.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1AdiposityAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansIncidenceMalePregnancyRegistriesRisk FactorsSmokingSweden

Identifiers

PMID40527903
PMCPMC12174315

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.