Symptom distress among Chinese children with cancer: what factors influence parent-child concordance?

This study aims to examine parent-child concordances regarding symptom distress in Chinese children aged 8 to 18 years with cancer and to identify the influencing factors related to concordance. A multi-center cross-sectional study design was employed. From December 2022 to July 2023, 268 parent-child dyads were enrolled. Demographic and medical information, the Symptom Screening in Pediatrics Tool (children's version and parental version), the Fear of Progression Questionnaire (parental version), and the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire were used to collect data. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), the Mann-Whitney U or Kruskal-Wallis H test, Spearman rank correlation analysis, and generalized linear models were used to analyze the data. Two hundred fifty-seven parent-child questionnaires were analyzed (valid response rate: 95.90%). The ICC values for symptom distress between parent-reported and child-reported ranged from 0.240 to 0.696. Parents reported higher distress scores for cancer-related symptoms than children, with the greatest discrepancy observed for the psychosocial symptom "feeling scared or worried," with a frequency difference of 92. The generalized linear model indicated that central nervous system (CNS) tumors, diagnosis at 2-9 months, undergoing bone marrow or stem cell transplantation, and parents' FoP and CFQ levels were significant factors influencing reporting concordance (P < 0.05).

conclusionThere is a discrepancy between parent-reported and child-reported symptom distress, ranging from slight to substantial. Specific disease characteristics and parental psychosocial status have contributed to this discordance. Targeted medical education should be actively provided to improve concordance. Healthcare providers should offer more symptom recognition methods and emotional support for children with cancer and their parents. WHAT IS KNOWN: • Discordance exists between parent-reported and child-reported symptom distress. Understanding the underlying factors contributing to these differences is crucial for clinical screening and symptom management. WHAT IS NEW: • This study advances pediatric oncology practice by identifying distinct clinical and parental psychosocial determinants underlying parent-child symptom reporting discrepancies. • This study is the first to explore parent-child report consistency and its influencing factors from the perspective of the core symptom of childhood cancer. These factors provide critical information for the accurate screening of childhood cancer symptoms.