ArticleObesity (Silver Spring, Md.)2025
Food insecurity and the risk of diabetes: understanding the role of BMI as a mediator and moderator.
Article in Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- The Direct and Moderating Effect of Food Insecurity on Obesity-A Cross-Sectional Study.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis retrospective cohort study examined BMI as a mediator and moderator of the association between food insecurity and diabetes.
methodsData came from the electronic health records of 74,174 primary care patients at a large academic medical center. We used multivariate Poisson regression models to examine the association between food insecurity and diabetes. We used causal mediation analysis to evaluate the direct and indirect effects by which BMI mediates and moderates this association and the extent to which these effects varied by age, sex, and race and ethnicity.
resultsDuring the 5-year period, 6.2% of patients were newly diagnosed with diabetes. Food insecurity was associated with a higher risk of diabetes (relative risk [RR] 1.19, 95% CI: 1.03-1.36) after multivariate adjustment. In mediation analysis, BMI was a significant mediator of the association between food insecurity and diabetes (natural indirect effect: RR 1.10, 95% CI: 1.06-1.14). When accounting for an interaction with BMI, BMI remained a significant mediator (natural indirect effect: RR 1.12, 95% CI: 1.0-1.17). In subgroup analyses, the mediator-moderator effect of BMI was stronger among adults <45 years old and female patients; there were no differences by race or ethnicity.
conclusionsOur findings support BMI as a mediator and moderator of the association between food insecurity and diabetes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.