Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40529681›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2025

Global, regional and national burden of traumatic amputations from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.

Baixing Wei, Jie Zhang, Yuanpei Cheng, Han Wu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. [Technological advances in amputation medicine].Chirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Baixing WeiDepartment of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Jie ZhangDepartment of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Yuanpei ChengDepartment of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Han WuDepartment of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Traumatic amputations are serious public health problems with enormous health and economic costs, but to date there has been little research on the epidemiology of traumatic amputations. We aimed to comprehensively analyze the global burden of disease due to traumatic amputations during 1990-2021 and to project trends over the next 15 years. Method: Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data were used to demonstrate the burden of traumatic amputations in different populations, including incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs). In-depth analyses and projections were performed using Age-Period-Cohort (APC) model analysis, decomposition analysis, and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models. Result: There was an increase in the number of traumatic amputations globally in 2021 compared to 1990. However, the change in age-standardized rates from 1990 to 2021 declined significantly. The association between the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and the burden of amputations in 2021 was not linear. Results of the APC analysis indicated that the burden was lower in the later-born cohort and showed an overall decreasing trend over time. The results of the decomposition analyses indicated that in most cases age change suppressed incidence but promoted increases in prevalence and YLDs. Population changes increased the burden of amputations, while epidemiologic changes did the opposite. The burden was projected to trend downward globally and in most regions over the next 15 years. Finally, mechanical forces and falls were the two most prominent factors. Conclusion: The global burden of traumatic amputations increased in number from 1990 to 2021, but the age-standardized rate declined significantly and was expected to continue to decline in the future. Population growth is now the main cause of the burden, and more attention needs to be paid to men, youth and the older adult.

Indexed as

Amputation, TraumaticGlobal Burden of DiseaseGlobal HealthAdolescentAdultAgedCost of IllnessFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceYoung Adultamputationdisease burdenepidemiologyglobal healthtrauma

Identifiers

PMID40529681
PMCPMC12171122

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.