Evidence mapPaperPMID 40533774Full record

ReviewJournal of ovarian research2025

The risk factors, pathogenesis and treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency.

Yanjing Huang, Zhuo Liu, Yuli Geng, Fan Li, Runan Hu, Yufan Song, Mingmin Zhang, Kunkun Song

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of ovarian research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Relationship between different modes of death and premature ovarian insufficiency: a literature review.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. The Ovary-Liver Axis: Molecular Science and Epidemiology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yanjing HuangInstitute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
Zhuo LiuInstitute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
Yuli GengInstitute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
Fan LiInstitute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
Runan HuInstitute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
Yufan SongTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
Mingmin ZhangTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. mmzhangeins@163.com.
Kunkun SongTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. songkunkun@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 81904008National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 82274309
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a prevalent condition that impacts female reproductive health and overall well-being. It is characterized by ovarian dysfunction, estrogen deficiency, and increased gonadotropin levels in women under 40 years old. The exact etiology and pathogenesis of POI remain incompletely understood, posing significant challenges for its treatment and prevention. This review article examines the pathogenic factors and mechanisms involved in POI, with a particular focus on the impact of environmental toxicants such as atmospheric particulate matter, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, pesticides, microplastics, heavy metals, and cigarette smoke on the development of POI. Furthermore, the treatments for POI are outlined, encompassing hormone replacement therapy, stem cell and exosome therapy, melatonin therapy, traditional Chinese medicine, in vitro activation, platelet-rich plasma therapy, and ovarian tissue cryopreservation. The primary objective is to raise awareness about the potential detrimental effects of environmental toxicant exposure on ovarian function and reserve, urging individuals to minimize their exposure to harmful substances and advocate for environmental protection. This review also aims to serve as a valuable resource for the prevention and management of POI.

Indexed as

Primary Ovarian InsufficiencyFemaleHumansRisk FactorsEnvironmental toxicantsPathogenesisPremature ovarian insufficiencyRisk factorTreatment

Identifiers

PMID40533774
PMCPMC12175422

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.