Evidence mapPaperPMID 40534360Full record

SynthesisJournal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi2025

Effective Education Methods to Improve Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review.

Ika Mustikaningtias, Anna Wahyuni Widayanti, Pugud Samodro, Nanang Munif Yasin

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ika MustikaningtiasDoctoral Program in Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Anna Wahyuni WidayantiDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Pugud SamodroFaculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia.
Nanang Munif YasinDepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Funding

Center for Higher Education Funding and Assessment Ministry of Higher Education, Science, and Technology of Republic IndonesiaIndonesia Endowment Fund for EducationIndonesian Education Scholarship 202209090846
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesEducation for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is essential for reinforcing adherence and engagement to achieve therapeutic objectives, given the chronic nature of the treatment. Appropriate strategies for delivering education effectively are crucial. This study aimed to identify effective educational strategies for improving clinical outcomes in patients with T2DM.

methodsThe literature search included original publications from Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus, published in English between 2015 and February 2024, for which full-text access was available. This review was performed by a team consisting of pharmacists and internist following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

resultsFrom the initial search yielding 105 articles, 17 met the inclusion criteria. Of these 17 studies, 9 demonstrated significant improvements in clinical outcomes. Not all studies incorporated control groups for comparative analysis during the implementation of educational interventions. Most interventions were delivered via direct face-to-face methods, although there was considerable variation across studies in terms of program duration, intervention frequency, session length, education providers, and educational content.

conclusionsStudies demonstrating improvements in clinical outcomes predominantly utilized direct face-to-face education methods, typically in sessions lasting between 30 minutes and 60 minutes, with the majority of programs extending over approximately 6 months. Pharmacists contribute significantly to the success of educational programs by providing tailored instructional information that aligns with established protocols while addressing individual patient needs.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glycemic ControlPatient Education as TopicBlood GlucoseDiet, HealthyExerciseHumansHypoglycemic AgentsPatient Care TeamPatient CompliancePatient ParticipationSelf-ManagementBlood GlucoseHypoglycemic AgentsEducationGlycated hemoglobinGlycemic controlType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID40534360
PMCPMC12530999

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.