Evidence mapPaperPMID 40535915Full record

ReviewFood science & nutrition2025

Vitamin K: Metabolism, Genetic Influences, and Chronic Disease Outcomes.

Montana Dupuy, Nicola P Bondonno, Pratik Pokharel, Allan Linneberg, Itamar Levinger, Carl Schultz, Jonathan M Hodgson, Marc Sim

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Food science & nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The History of the Discovery of Vitamin K.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Montana DupuyNutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan University Perth Western Australia Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6708-403X
Nicola P BondonnoNutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan University Perth Western Australia Australia.
Pratik PokharelNutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan University Perth Western Australia Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5815-5927
Allan LinnebergCenter for Clinical Research and Prevention Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Frederiksberg Denmark.
Itamar LevingerInstitute for Health and Sport (IHES) Victoria University Melbourne Victoria Australia.
Carl SchultzDepartment of Cardiology Royal Perth Hospital Perth Western Australia Australia.
Jonathan M HodgsonNutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan University Perth Western Australia Australia.
Marc SimNutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan University Perth Western Australia Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5166-0605

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vitamin K refers to a group of lipid-soluble vitamins that exist in two natural isoforms; phylloquinone (PK, vitamin K1) and menaquinones (MKs, vitamin K2). Phylloquinone, the primary dietary source, is found abundantly in green vegetables and plant oils. Menaquinones (MK-4 through MK-13) are synthesized by anaerobic bacteria and may be obtained through the diet from fermented foods and animal products (e.g., meats, dairy and eggs). Originally recognized for its role in blood coagulation, vitamin K is an essential cofactor for the posttranslational carboxylation of vitamin K-dependent proteins (VKDPs), which are implicated in various physiological processes including; blood coagulation, calcium homeostasis, as well as metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Therefore, vitamin K has attracted considerable research interest for its potential implications in several diseases. While promising, the specific roles of vitamin K in various health conditions, the quantity of vitamin K (both PK and MKs) required for the function of various VKDPs, and the influence of genetics on vitamin K metabolism, remain unclear. This review aims to (i) provide an overview of the structure, dietary sources, metabolism, and physiological roles of vitamin K, including those relating to; cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, respiratory conditions, musculoskeletal health and cancer; (ii) discuss the impact of genetic factors on vitamin K status and how such factors modulate the role of vitamin K in the aforementioned chronic diseases; and (iii) outline key directions for future research.

Indexed as

bone healthcancercardiovascular diseasediabetesvitamin K1vitamin K2

Identifiers

PMID40535915
PMCPMC12173841

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.