Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40537600›Full record

ArticleHormones (Athens, Greece)2025

Associations between visceral adipose index, lipid accumulation products, and thyroid function parameters in U.S. Adults: analysis of NHANES data.

Jiayi Ren, Jinxiang Chen, Kexin Zhang, Yuqun Wang, Xiaofei Zhang, Guoji Xiong, Xiaodong Sun, Ningning Hou, Chengxia Kan

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Hormones (Athens, Greece), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jiayi Ren *Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Endocrinology and Endocrinology Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China.
Jinxiang Chen *Department of Emergency Medicine, West Hospital District, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China.
Kexin ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Endocrinology and Endocrinology Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China.
Yuqun WangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Endocrinology and Endocrinology Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China.
Xiaofei ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Endocrinology and Endocrinology Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China.
Guoji XiongDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Endocrinology and Endocrinology Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China.
Xiaodong SunDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Endocrinology and Endocrinology Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China.
Ningning HouDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Endocrinology and Endocrinology Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China. ningning.hou@sdsmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3813-8465
Chengxia KanDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Endocrinology and Endocrinology Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China. fykanchengxia@sdsmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-0303

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82170865, 82370856Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province ZR2024MH306Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province ZR2024QH098Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province tsqn202211365
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundObesity, particularly visceral adiposity, is linked to altered thyroid function; the underlying mechanisms, however, remain unclear. This study examines the associations between the visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and thyroid function in U.S. adults.

methodsThis cross-sectional study used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (2007-2012), including 3,170 participants after exclusions. Thyroid function parameters, VAI, and LAP were analyzed. Covariates included demographics, lifestyle, clinical factors, multiple linear regression, and restricted cubic splines, while generalized additive models were employed to assess linear and nonlinear relationships.

resultsVAI and LAP were significantly associated with thyroid function parameters. VAI positively correlated with total triiodothyronine [β = 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.37 to 1.21, P < 0.001] and antithyroglobulin antibodies (β = 1.81, 95% CI = 0.19 to 3.43, P = 0.028) after adjusting for confounders. LAP demonstrated significant positive associations with total triiodothyronine, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroid sensitivity indices (e.g., TSH index and thyroxine resistance index) but correlated negatively with free thyroxine. Nonlinear relationships were identified, with higher VAI linked to rapid increases in total triiodothyronine and antithyroglobulin antibodies, plateauing at specific thresholds. Elevated LAP was associated with increased thyroid peroxidase antibodies, suggesting a link with thyroid autoimmunity.

conclusionsVAI and LAP are strongly associated with thyroid dysfunction, with implications for thyroid sensitivity and autoimmunity. These findings underscore the importance of addressing visceral adiposity and metabolic dysregulation to mitigate thyroid-related disorders. Future studies are warranted to explore causal mechanisms and intervention strategies.

Indexed as

Intra-Abdominal FatLipid Accumulation ProductThyroid GlandAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysThyroid Function TestsThyrotropinUnited StatesThyrotropinLipid accumulation productThyroid parameterVisceral adiposity indexVisceral obesity

Identifiers

PMID40537600

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.