Evidence mapPaperPMID 40537972Full record

ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2025

Socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with the receipt of anti-obesity medication prescriptions and metabolic and bariatric surgery among eligible all of Us participants.

Olajide A Adekunle, Phuc Le, Dev Yash Gupta, Michael B Rothberg, Ha T Tran, Yihua Yue, Hamlet Gasoyan

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Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

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6citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

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Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Olajide A AdekunleCenter for Value-Based Care Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Primary Care Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2627-300X
Phuc LeCenter for Value-Based Care Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Primary Care Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Dev Yash GuptaSchool of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Michael B RothbergCenter for Value-Based Care Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Primary Care Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Ha T TranCenter for Value-Based Care Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Primary Care Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Yihua YueCenter for Value-Based Care Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Primary Care Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Hamlet GasoyanCenter for Value-Based Care Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Primary Care Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1627-9777

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThere is a paucity of data on socio-economic characteristics associated with the use of anti-obesity medications (AOM) and metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) when accounting for clinical factors. This study characterized factors associated with the receipt of AOM prescriptions and MBS. MATERIALS AND

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using the All of Us (AoU) Research (v.8) data. Patients with obesity who received AOM or MBS between 2017 and 2023 were included. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient characteristics, while multivariable regression examined factors associated with the receipt of the treatments.

resultsOnly 6.6% of 183 424 patients for AOM analysis, received an AOM prescription, while 1.8% underwent MBS among 93 146 patients. Being a man (vs. woman, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59-0.65), Medicare insurance holder (vs. private, aOR = 0.78, 95% CI, 0.72-0.84), retiree (vs. employed, aOR = 0.70, 95% CI, 0.66-0.75) and high school degree holders (vs. college, aOR = 0.85, 95% CI, 0.80-0.90) were associated with lower odds of receiving AOM. Being single (vs. married, aOR = 0.84, 95% CI, 0.74-0.96), retired (vs. employed, aOR = 0.63, 95% CI, 0.49-0.80), with body mass index (BMI) 35- < 40 (vs. ≥45, aOR = 0.13, 95% CI, 0.11-0.15) were associated with lower odds of MBS. Patients with dyslipidaemia and obstructive sleep apnoea had higher odds of receiving both treatments.

conclusionsDisparities in obesity treatment exist. Male sex, older age, lower income and lower BMI were associated with lower odds of treatment, while dyslipidaemia and obstructive sleep apnoea were associated with higher odds.

Indexed as

Anti-Obesity AgentsBariatric SurgeryObesityAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesDrug PrescriptionsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSocioeconomic FactorsUnited StatesAnti-Obesity Agentsaccess to careanti‐obesity medicationshealth disparitiesmetabolic and bariatric surgerysocio‐demographic factors

Identifiers

PMID40537972
PMCPMC12326910

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.