Evidence mapPaperPMID 40546262Full record

ArticleFrontiers in neurology2025

Patient-reported outcome tools of acupuncture clinical trials in mainland China: a cross-sectional study.

Feng Cao, Yue Dong, Zhi-Qiang Li, Xue-Feng Wang, Cheng-Yuan Su, Jia-Xuan Lv, Zhong-Yu Shi, Ming-Hong Du, Xin-Yue Zhang, Hong-Guo Rong and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Feng CaoCentre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Yue DongSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Zhi-Qiang LiCentre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Xue-Feng WangCentre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Cheng-Yuan SuCentre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Jia-Xuan LvSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Zhong-Yu ShiInstitute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Ming-Hong DuSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Xin-Yue ZhangSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Hong-Guo RongCentre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Yu-Tong FeiCentre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and objective: Nowadays, the number of acupuncture clinical trials is dramatically increasing. In acupuncture clinical research, patient-reported outcome measurements are important evaluation tools, but there is a lack of systematic survey. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics and application of PRO measurements in acupuncture clinical trials in mainland China, further exploring and developing patient-reported outcomes (PROs) that are in line with the characteristics of acupuncture treatment. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed acupuncture clinical trials in mainland China (2010-2022). Data were extracted from ClinicalTrials.gov and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. Acupuncture interventional clinical trials conducted or recruited in mainland China were included. For each included trial, data were extracted on aspects including the clinical trial phase, study setting, participant age, disease, and PRO measurements. Descriptive statistics were performed using Stata 14.0 (StataCorp). Microsoft Excel 2020 (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, United States) and python3.9 (Netherlands) were used to analyze and display the PROs data. Results: Out of a total of 962 trials, 193 trials listed PROs as primary outcomes, 208 trials listed PROs as secondary outcomes, and 342 trials listed PROs as co-primary outcomes. Musculoskeletal symptoms (13.5%), neurological disorders (11.7%), and mental health conditions (9.6%) were the most common conditions assessed by PRO tools. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was the most frequently used measurement (30%), followed by concepts related to health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were the most common PRO tools utilized in these trials. Clinical trials incorporating PROs were predominantly conducted in the eastern, northern, and southwestern regions of mainland China. Only a part of acupuncture clinical trials (15.2%) used placebos and reported PRO. Conclusions and relevance: In this cross-sectional study, the use of PROs has increased over the past few decades based on acupuncture clinical trials conducted in mainland China. Given the uneven distribution and lack of acupuncture-specific PROs in the application of acupuncture clinical trials, further attention should be paid to the standardization and regulation of acupuncture-specific scales in the field of acupuncture clinical research.

Indexed as

acupunctureclinical trialscross-sectional studyoutcome researchpatient-reported outcome

Identifiers

PMID40546262
PMCPMC12180298

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.