Evidence mapPaperPMID 40546308Full record

ArticleTherapeutic advances in chronic disease2025

Prevalence and determinants of metabolic syndrome among adults living with HIV on first-line antiretroviral treatment in southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Agete Tadewos Hirigo, Daniel Yilma, Ayalew Astatkie, Zelalem Debebe

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Therapeutic advances in chronic disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Agete Tadewos HirigoSchool of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, PO Box 1560, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia, Ethiopia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-051X
Daniel YilmaDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Ayalew AstatkieSchool of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Zelalem DebebeCenter for Food Science and Nutrition, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, data on the burden of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in sub-Saharan Africa remains limited, particularly following the implementation of universal test-and-treat strategies and the widespread use of integrase inhibitor-based combinations. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of MetS among adults receiving first-line ART in the Hawassa City Administration, southern Ethiopia. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: The study was conducted from January 2023 to May 2024, adapting the World Health Organization (WHO) stepwise approach to collect data. All study-relevant data were collected from participants using a pretested structured questionnaire. MetS was defined according to the 2009 harmonized criteria. A binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify predictors of MetS, with adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A total of 450 adults participated in the study, of whom 262 (58.2%) were females. The mean (standard deviation) age of the participants was 41.1(±9.7) years. The prevalence of MetS was 36.4% (95% CI: 32.2-41.6), with low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol as the most frequent component observed in 368 (81.8%) participants. Age >50 years (aOR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.4-6.2), alcohol use (aOR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.2-6.4), body mass index ⩾25 kg/m² (aOR: 3.7; 95% CI: 1.9-7.1), triglyceride/HDL-cholesterol ratio (aOR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.3-1.7), family history of hypertension (aOR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1-3.8), and high waist-height ratio (aOR: 5.4; 95% CI: 1.8-15.9) were significantly associated with MetS. However, dolutegravir-based first-line regimens were not significantly associated with MetS (p=0.482 for DTG initiation, and p=0.34 for switching to DTG). Conclusion: The noticeable prevalence of MetS among PLWH highlights its potential to increase cardiovascular risks. Therefore, routine screening of PLWH for components of MetS is essential to reduce the health risks associated with metabolic disorders. As most of the identified risk factors are modifiable, implementing lifestyle interventions is also imperative.

Indexed as

adultsfirst-line antiretroviral therapyHIVmetabolic syndromesouthern Ethiopia

Identifiers

PMID40546308
PMCPMC12182631

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.