Evidence mapPaperPMID 40546647Full record

ReviewCureus2025

The Role of N-terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide, Troponins, and D-dimer in Acute Cardio-Respiratory Syndromes: A Multi-specialty Systematic Review.

Muhammad Ibrahim, Jawad Ahmad, Muhammad Abbas, Zainullah, Zeeshan Umar, Momal Nasir, Kabsha Zain, Jamil Ahmad, Seemab Arshad, Atif Bashir and 3 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Biomarkers in Heart Failure: A Review and a Wish.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Muhammad IbrahimAcute Internal Medicine (AIM), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, GBR.
Jawad AhmadNeurology, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK.
Muhammad AbbasRespiratory Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK.
ZainullahPsychiatry, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta, Quetta, PAK.
Zeeshan UmarEmergency Medicine, Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH), Rawalpindi, PAK.
Momal NasirGeneral Practice, Ziauddin University, Karachi, PAK.
Kabsha ZainInternal Medicine, Khyber Girls Medical College, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK.
Jamil AhmadInternal Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK.
Seemab ArshadMedicine, Independent Medical College, Faisalabad, PAK.
Atif BashirInternal Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK.
Sami UllahInternal Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK.
Zubair AhmadInternal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK.
Sundas SafdarDiagnostic Radiology, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This systematic review evaluates the diagnostic and prognostic utility of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), cardiac troponins, and D-dimer in acute cardio-respiratory syndromes, including heart failure (HF), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), pulmonary embolism (PE), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related complications. These biomarkers play critical roles in assessing myocardial stress, injury, and thrombosis risk, offering a rapid and cost-effective alternative to traditional diagnostic tools. A comprehensive literature search from 2015 to 2024 identified 14 high-quality studies, demonstrating NT-proBNP's strong correlation with HF severity and mortality risk in severe COVID-19, while cardiac troponins were associated with myocardial injury in ARDS and ACS. D-dimer emerged as a predictor of thrombotic complications and poor outcomes in interstitial lung disease (ILD) and PE. The combined use of these biomarkers significantly improved risk stratification, enabling early intervention and reducing unnecessary imaging and invasive testing. A multi-marker approach provided superior predictive accuracy for mortality and recurrence risk in PE compared to single biomarker assessments. Despite some methodological limitations, including heterogeneity in biomarker thresholds, the findings support the integration of these markers into routine clinical practice to enhance early diagnosis and patient management. Future research should focus on standardizing biomarker cut-off values, conducting large-scale multi-center trials, and incorporating biomarker data into artificial intelligence (AI)-driven decision systems. This study highlights the potential of biomarker-driven risk assessment in cardio-respiratory medicine, paving the way for more precise, early, and effective intervention strategies to optimize patient outcomes and advance precision medicine in critical care settings.

Indexed as

biomarkerscardio-respiratory syndromesd-dimernt-probnptroponins

Identifiers

PMID40546647
PMCPMC12180772

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.