ArticleEmerging microbes & infections2025
Incidence of human sapovirus outbreaks in Beijing, China, 2014-2021: predominance of genotypes GII.3 and GI.2.
Article in Emerging microbes & infections, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Human Sapovirus in the Post-Rotavirus Vaccine Era: From an Overlooked Gastroenteritis Pathogen to a Target for Precision Surveillance.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
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12 authors.
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Abstract
The study aimed to analyze epidemiological, clinical, and genome characteristics of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreaks caused by sapovirus in Beijing. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of sapovirus detected by RT-qPCR were collected from AGE surveillance. Descriptive statistics were used for epidemiological analysis, and both genotype identification and sequence analysis were conducted on the VP1 regions, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase regions, and whole genomes. From 2014 to 2021, sapovirus was the second most common pathogen in AGE outbreaks, causing 216 outbreaks (6.85%) with peaks in 2017, 2019, and 2021. The predominant outbreaks occurred in kindergartens (76.39%, 165) and primary schools (18.98%, 41) within urban (62.96%, 136) and suburban (35.19%, 76) by person-to-person transmission (97.73%, 172). Outbreaks in outer suburbs lasted longer duration [median 7 days, IQR: 6-8]. Comprehensive schools (21.62%, IQR: 10.00-35.00%) and kindergartens (18.18%, IQR: 13.51-22.72%) showed higher attack rates. Clinical symptoms included vomiting (97.27%, 1,462), diarrhea (18.44%, 277), fever (8.32%, 125), nausea (28.72%, 432), and abdominal pain (33.94%, 510). Vomiting prevalence was higher in children aged ≤5 years (96.94%, 983/1,014), while diarrhea prevalence was higher in those >5 years (31.29%, 153/489). Eight genotypes (GI.1-3, 5, 6; GII.1, 3, 5) were identified, and the predominant genotype changed from GII.3 (2016-2019) to GI.2 (2020-2021). Phylogenetic analysis revealed emerging clades in GII.3 and GI.2, with nucleotides and amino acids mutations confirmed by whole-genome sequencing. Therefore, sapovirus is a significant AGE pathogen in Beijing, China, warranting its inclusion in surveillance among sporadic cases and outbreaks of AGE in China with necessitating genotyping and whole-genome sequencing.
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