Evidence mapPaperPMID 40549217Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2025

Dietary carbohydrate intake and health-related outcomes: a protocol for the evidence evaluation methodology for the new guideline on dietary carbohydrate intake of the German nutrition society.

Sabrina Schlesinger, Johanna Conrad, Anna Maria Amini, Anette Buyken, Sarah Egert, Julia Haardt, Nicole Kalotai, Anja Kroke, Lukas Schwingshackl, German Nutrition Society

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Article in European journal of nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Sabrina SchlesingerGerman Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Düsseldorf, Germany. corresponding_author@dge.de.
Johanna ConradGerman Nutrition Society, Bonn, Germany.
Anna Maria AminiGerman Nutrition Society, Bonn, Germany.
Anette BuykenInstitute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany.
Sarah EgertInstitute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Nutritional Physiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Julia HaardtGerman Nutrition Society, Bonn, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7394-4481
Nicole KalotaiGerman Nutrition Society, Bonn, Germany.
Anja KrokeDepartment of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany.
Lukas SchwingshacklInstitute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
German Nutrition Society

Funding

Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis protocol outlines the rigorous process for developing the new German guideline on dietary carbohydrate intake and its impact on health-related outcomes, building on a substantial body of evidence regarding carbohydrate quantity and quality.

methodsA professional guideline panel has been established, and research questions have been formulated a-priori. The novel methodological approach follows a structured process and adheres to established recommendations for guidelines.

resultsUmbrella reviews of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials or prospective observational studies on carbohydrate quantity and quality in relation to health-related outcomes will be conducted. Relevant aspects of carbohydrate intake include total carbohydrates, dietary sugars, starch, the dietary glycaemic index, the dietary insulin index, dietary glycaemic load, dietary insulin load, dietary fibre, and whole grains. The prioritized outcomes include body weight-related outcomes, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and dental caries and periodontal diseases. The literature search will be conducted in MEDLINE and Epistemonikos starting from 2015, as older reports are likely covered or superseded by more recent ones. The most comprehensive systematic review with meta-analysis with the highest methodological quality standards (according to a modified version of AMSTAR 2) will be selected for each specific association or effect. The certainty of evidence will be rated using the GRADE approach. The guideline development will follow the Evidence-to-Decision (EtD) framework.

conclusionsThis methodological protocol is in line with international standards and provides transparent framework for the guideline on dietary carbohydrate intake and health-related outcomes of the Germany Nutrition Society.

Indexed as

DietDietary CarbohydratesNutrition PolicyCardiovascular DiseasesDental CariesDietary FiberGermanyGlycemic IndexGlycemic LoadHumansMeta-Analysis as TopicRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicResearch DesignSystematic Reviews as TopicDietary CarbohydratesDietary Fiber

Identifiers

PMID40549217
PMCPMC12185597

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.