Evidence mapPaperPMID 40550577Full record

ReviewBMJ global health2025

Identifying key components of a global conceptual framework for adolescent nutrition: Review, nominal group technique and youth co-design.

Sara Estecha-Querol, Catharine A K Fleming, Amir A Samnani, Milca J Cameseria, Dipty Chowdhury, Sarah Kehoe, Webster Isheanopa Makombe, Amanda Murungi Eunice, Muhammad Sarim Raza, Marion L Roche and 4 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in BMJ global health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Sara Estecha-QuerolEmergency Nutrition Network (ENN), Oxfordshire, UK saraestechaquerol@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2018-2676
Catharine A K FlemingWestern Sydney University School of Health Sciences, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9630-1064
Amir A SamnaniEmergency Nutrition Network (ENN), Oxfordshire, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3997-952X
Milca J CameseriaAct4Food, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-9091-2175
Dipty ChowdhuryAct4Food, London, UK.
Sarah KehoeUniversity of Southampton MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, Southampton, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2584-7999
Webster Isheanopa MakombeAct4Food, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-0347-4812
Amanda Murungi EuniceMulago National Referral and Teaching Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-2580-4644
Muhammad Sarim RazaAct4Food, London, UK.
Marion L RocheNutrition International, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Miriam ShindlerGlobal Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), Geneva, Switzerland.
Deepika SharmaUNICEF Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Kesso G van Zutphen-KüfferWageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7623-0847
Stephanie V WrottesleyEmergency Nutrition Network (ENN), Oxfordshire, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5419-2920

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOptimal nutrition during adolescence is critical to growth and development. While several adolescent nutrition frameworks exist, a comprehensive reference framework is needed, which reflects the priorities and views of young people and guides action to improve adolescent nutrition. We believe that partnering with young people is key to enabling agency and empowering change. This collaborative project between the Global Adolescent Nutrition Network (GANN) and youth partners aimed to develop a conceptual and actionable framework for adolescent nutrition. This paper presents the methods used to identify the need for and to prioritise the key components of a new framework.

methodsA literature review was conducted to identify and summarise available frameworks for adolescent nutrition (10-19 years). GANN members (N=7) and youth partners (N=4, 18-26 years) used nominal group technique (NGT) methodology to reach consensus on: (1) key characteristics, strengths and limitations of available frameworks; (2) key characteristics of an ideal framework; (3) the best available framework and (4) the need for a new framework.

resultsNGT participants listed 37 strengths and limitations of the 15 frameworks identified in the review. These were classified into three themes: theory, usability and visibility. According to NGT participants, the most important ('top') theoretical features of an ideal framework were considering all forms of malnutrition' and including all levels of influence in adolescent nutrition'. Most top usability and visibility features were applicable at global, regional and country levels, and a clear structure to depict levels of influence, respectively. The Innocenti Framework was deemed the best available framework. Most of the participants (90%) agreed that a new framework was needed. Youth partners advocated for greater representation of youth voices in frameworks and programmes related to adolescents. The salient features of the new framework, reached by consensus, emphasise an action-oriented approach that provides practical guidance to improve adolescent nutrition rather than solely explaining its determinants. It will be designed to be adaptable to different contexts, ensuring its visual design, language and content are accessible and engaging for a broad range of stakeholders.

conclusionThrough a novel youth codesign process, we identified key components to inform the development of a new conceptual framework to improve adolescent nutrition. While no new framework is presented in this article and is part of ongoing work, these findings provide guidance for future efforts to create a framework that can effectively inform actions and investments in global adolescent nutrition.

Indexed as

Adolescent Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaAdolescentAdultChildGlobal HealthHumansNutritional StatusYoung AdultNutrition

Identifiers

PMID40550577
PMCPMC12186026

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.