ReviewInternational journal of retina and vitreous2025
Optical coherence tomography angiography biomarkers in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: a systematic review.
Review in International journal of retina and vitreous, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography-Derived Peripapillary Vessel Density Findings in Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Retinal and choroidal vascular density alterations in patients with schizophrenia: assessment via optical coherence tomography angiography.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Comparison of OCT Structural Parameters and OCTA-Measured Retinal Vessel Density and Peripapillary Choroidal Microvasculature in Glaucoma and Optic Neuritis From Multiple Sclerosis or Neuromyelitis Optica.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Retinal microvascular differences between multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a cross-sectional study with diagnostic modeling.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Imaging biomarkers in optic neuritis: current tools and future directions.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system with overlapping clinical manifestations but distinct treatments and prognoses. Imaging markers are necessary to differentiate between these disorders, especially when serologic testing is unavailable or unclear. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) serves as a non-invasive imaging tool that assesses retinal microvascular alterations, potentially as a modality for differentiating MS and NMOSD. This review aimed to assess and consolidate evidence on retinal vascular alterations, measured by OCT-A, in people with MS (PwMS) and people with NMOSD (PwNMOSD) to help discriminate between these disorders.
methodsPubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase were systematically searched up to August 27, 2024, to identify original English studies that compared OCT-A parameters between PwMS and PwNMOSD. The risk of bias across studies was evaluated utilizing the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Findings were consolidated using a narrative synthesis method.
resultsNine studies involving 181 PwMS and 166 PwNMOSD were included. Compared to PwMS, PwNMOSD exhibited significantly lower vessel densities in the peripapillary and macular regions, reduced radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) density, and smaller foveal avascular zone (FAZ) areas, particularly in optic neuritis (ON)-affected eyes. Minimal differences were observed in eyes without ON, suggesting that ON may be crucial when utilizing OCT-A biomarkers for disease discrimination.
conclusionOCT-A metrics demonstrate potential as biomarkers that may help distinguish MS and NMOSD, with PwNMOSD showing more severe retinal vascular alterations. These preliminary findings highlight that OCT-A may hold promise as a diagnostic tool for differentiating MS and NMOSD. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.
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