ArticleOpen veterinary journal2025
First detection of West Nile virus seropositivity in horses in southern Iraq.
Article in Open veterinary journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Background: West Nile virus (WNV) circulates between birds and mosquitoes, with horses and humans as incidental dead-end hosts. Despite documented cases in neighboring countries and human cases in southern Iraq, no previous studies have investigated WNV in Iraqi horses. Aim: To determine the seroprevalence of WNV in horses from three southern Iraqi governorates (Thi-Qar, Misan, and Basrah) between March and June 2024. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 236 horses regardless of age, sex, or health status. Serum samples were analyzed using commercial competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits to detect specific anti-Pr E IgG and IgM antibodies. Results: The overall IgG seropositivity rate was 30.08%, with similar rates reported for Misan (30.66%), Basrah (30.12%), and Thi-Qar (29.48%). IgM seropositivity was 11.86% overall, with 14.67%, 7.22%, and 14.1% in Misan, Basrah, and Thi-Qar, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed among governorates ( Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate WNV seropositivity in Iraqi horses, revealing active virus circulation in southern Iraq, particularly in marshland areas suitable for mosquito vectors and migratory birds. The findings highlight the need for surveillance programs and preventive measures to control WNV transmission throughout the region.
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