Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40562446›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners2025

Challenges to timely access to out-of-hours end-of-life medications: a qualitative study in UK primary care.

Ikumi Okamoto, Sophie Pask, Therese Johansson, Rachel L Chambers, Ahmed Mohamed, Philippa G McFarlane, Irene J Higginson, Katherine E Sleeman, Fliss Em Murtagh, Stephen Barclay

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ikumi OkamotoPrimary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5407-2320
Sophie PaskWolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK.
Therese JohanssonCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation, London, UK.
Rachel L ChambersCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6945-5028
Philippa G McFarlaneCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4234-7518
Irene J HigginsonCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3687-1313
Katherine E SleemanCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9777-4373
Fliss Em MurtaghWolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1289-3726
Stephen BarclayPrimary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK sigb2@medschl.cam.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0002-4505-7743

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTimely, 24/7 access to medications in the community is essential for effective symptom management for people approaching the end of life. Little is known about current systems ensuring skilled and timely patient assessment, prescribing, and administration, and service gaps.

aimTo investigate out-of-hours access to end-of-life care medications in community settings, identifying gaps, challenges, and potential solutions. DESIGN AND

settingA qualitative study as part of a larger UK research programme concerning out-of-hours community palliative care services.

methodStructured interviews with key stakeholders responsible for delivering or commissioning palliative care services in the community.

resultsIn total, 71 interviews were conducted across 60 areas in the UK. Four key themes were identified: 1) patient assessment and medication prescribing - primary care services are heavily relied on out-of-hours but are often overburdened; 2) dispensing and collecting medications - collecting medications often falls to informal carers, posing challenges, especially in rural areas; in urban settings, safety concerns limit pharmacy opening hours for late-night dispensing of controlled medications; 3) administering medications - this is usually under the responsibility of primary care services, but delays often arise because of overburdened teams; and 4) anticipatory prescribing - the facilitation of timely medication dispensing and collection is limited to identified patients receiving palliative care and is dependent on overburdened community services for administration; concerns over potential drug misuse can occasionally delay anticipatory prescribing.

conclusionSystemic challenges and safety concerns hinder timely access to out-of-hours medications for community-based palliative care. Improvements in community pharmacy services, the primary care workforce, and specialist palliative care support are needed.

Indexed as

After-Hours CareHealth Services AccessibilityPalliative CarePrimary Health CareTerminal CareHumansQualitative ResearchUnited Kingdomcommunity health servicescommunity pharmacy servicesout-of-hours medical carepalliative careprimary health carequalitative research

Identifiers

PMID40562446
PMCPMC12754668

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.