ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Antioxidant Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07547098 (Study on Construction of Whole Lifecycle Cohort, Big Data Management and Clinical Prognosis of Cardio-Renal-Metabolic), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Study on Construction of Whole Lifecycle Cohort, Big Data Management and Clinical Prognosis of Cardio-Renal-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Genetic Evidence for the Benefits and Risks of Glucose-Lowering Drugs on Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Drug-Target Mendelian Randomization Study.International journal of medical sciences · 2026 · on this mapPooled it
- Cardiorenal risk stratification in high-risk type 2 diabetes using a simple clinical score: findings from the ELIXA trial.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Trial
- Combined use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for cardiovascular protection.Indian journal of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Implementing sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a multidisciplinary expert perspective.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Review
- Zinc Potentiates the Renoprotective Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus in Rats.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a comprehensive review of pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Review
- Emerging multidimensional biomarker system for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: from multi-omics integration to clinical artificial intelligence.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Redox-Driven Precision Medicine for Life-Course Prevention of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dual Inhibition of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2: Mechanistic and Clinical Evidence for Cardiorenal Protection.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Modulation of oxidative stress and metabolic burden in papillary thyroid cancer by SGLT2 and broad DPP inhibition.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
- Evaluation, Management and Therapeutic Approach of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Multidisciplinary Delphi Expert Consensus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Renoprotective effects of compound 21 and empagliflozin in L-Name-induced hypertensive rats.BMC urology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome was recently conceptualized to provide a holistic framework for diagnosing and treating the full spectrum of key age-associated interrelated conditions: overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, acute and chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. This conceptualization resulted from epidemiological associations, advances in our understanding of shared and interrelated pathogenic mechanisms, and observations that several drug families improved outcomes in all three components of CKM. Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) enhance all CKM spectrum components, although their efficacy varies against specific components. However, the modified mechanisms by these drugs beyond glycemic control in CKM syndrome are poorly understood. We now deeply review the available literature regarding the impact of SGLT2i on oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in preclinical and clinical studies of type 2 diabetes mellitus, acute and chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and CKM syndrome. Evidence suggests that SGLT2i may have a secondary antioxidant effect that reduces the vicious cycle of tissue injury-inflammation-tissue injury, even in organs distant from the primary injury.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.