Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40566295›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2025

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Antibiotic Use and Resistance Among Non-Medical University Students, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Amen Bawazir, Abdullah Bohairi, Omar Badughaysh, Abdulmohsen Alhussain, Mohannad Abuobaid, Majd Abuobaid, Azzam Al Jabber, Yaman Mardini, Abdulaziz Alothman, Faris Alsomih and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Amen BawazirCommunity Medicine Unit, Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-6308-3136
Abdullah BohairiCommunity Medicine Unit, Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia.
Omar BadughayshCommunity Medicine Unit, Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulmohsen AlhussainCommunity Medicine Unit, Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia.
Mohannad AbuobaidCommunity Medicine Unit, Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia.
Majd AbuobaidCommunity Medicine Unit, Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia.
Azzam Al JabberCommunity Medicine Unit, Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia.
Yaman MardiniCommunity Medicine Unit, Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulaziz AlothmanCommunity Medicine Unit, Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia.
Faris AlsomihCommunity Medicine Unit, Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah AlMuzainiCommunity Medicine Unit, Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed BaHamdanCommunity Medicine Unit, Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAntibiotic resistance (AR) is a global public health crisis, largely driven by the misuse and overuse of antibiotics. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward AR among non-medical university students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and identify factors that influence antibiotic use.

methodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted with 672 students from both public and private universities in Riyadh. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics and KAP regarding antibiotics.

resultsThe findings indicated that 59.1% of students had sufficient knowledge of antibiotics, while 60% had positive attitudes, and 60.6% exhibited responsible practices. However, 40.9% of students demonstrated insufficient knowledge, and factors such as age, gender, and field of study significantly impacted KAP outcomes. Females had 65.8% higher odds of demonstrating a positive attitude toward AR prevention, compared to males, and 52% higher odds of adopting appropriate practices than males. The primary source of information on antibiotics was healthcare professionals, particularly doctors.

conclusionsThese findings underscore the need for targeted educational interventions to enhance awareness and promote the responsible use of antibiotics among university students, helping to mitigate the threat of antibiotic resistance.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsDrug Resistance, MicrobialHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeStudentsAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleSaudi ArabiaSurveys and QuestionnairesUniversitiesYoung AdultAnti-Bacterial Agentsantibiotic misuseantibiotic resistanceantibiotic stewardshiphealth literacymultidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs)public health education

Identifiers

PMID40566295
PMCPMC12192907

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.