ArticleLaryngoscope investigative otolaryngology2025
Multilevel Associations of Food Environment and Papillary Thyroid Cancer Outcomes in the United States.
Article in Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Food and Nutrition Insecurity in Cancer Survivorship: A Global Scoping Review.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To assess the independent associations of poor food environment with differences in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) outcomes using the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-validated Food Environment Atlas (FEA). Methods: This retrospective cohort study assessed patients from 2000 to 2017 for trends in overall and 3-year survival, and the number of tumors at diagnosis with increasing food environment vulnerability/FEA-scores by Cox hazards and logistic regression models stratified by race-ethnicity and age. FEA-scores were based on 282 county-level variables of food security, store-restaurant availability, SNAP/WIC enrollment, pricing, taxes, and producer vicinity while adjusting for traditional social determinant factors. Results: Among 148,296 patients, increased food environment vulnerability was associated with decreased overall survival (HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.04-1.07). These FEA effects were exacerbated among non-White patients (1.08, 1.05-1.11) compared to White patients (1.05, 1.04-1.07). Increased FEA was also associated with increased 3-year mortality (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.07). These effects were exacerbated among non-White (1.06, 1.02-1.10) and older patients (1.05, 1.02-1.07). Increased food environment vulnerability was additionally associated with increased odds of having more than one primary tumor (1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.03). When stratified separately for race and for age, worse food environment was associated with non-White patients (1.03, 1.01-1.06) and patients aged 45 years and older (1.02, 1.01-1.03). Conclusions: Food environment vulnerability was associated with poorer prognosis after adjusting for traditional social determinant vulnerabilities, with varying magnitude upon stratification of race and age. Given PTC's rise in incidence and severity, the effects of food environment should be considered when informing future investigation and policy. Level of Evidence: III.
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