ArticleViruses2025
Analysis of Epidemiological and Evolutionary Characteristics of Seasonal Influenza Viruses in Shenzhen City from 2018 to 2024.
Article in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Update and optimization of a multiplex RT-qPCR assay to overcome diagnostic failure in emerging influenza A(H3N2) subclades J.2 and K (Peru, 2024-2026).IJID regions · 2026Article
- Parent-Reported Influenza Vaccination Uptake, Hesitancy and Willingness for In-School Children: Survey Findings From Shenzhen, China With Free Vaccination Services.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Article
- Post-Pandemic Genomic Diversity and Lineage Turnover of Influenza Viruses in Mexico During 2022-2023.Viruses · 2026Article
- Molecular and antigenic characteristics of the influenza B virus in Guangzhou, 2022-2023.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Structural vaccinology expedites rational design of next-generation vaccines for influenza and respiratory syncytial virus.Virologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Genetic characterization of influenza A (A/H3N2) viruses reveals antigenic drift in receptor binding domain and possible vaccine mismatch in strains circulating in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 2024-2025.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Unraveling meteorologically influenced recurrence and sequential infection risks among influenza, mumps, scarlet fever, and hand-foot-and-mouth disease: evidence from Shenzhen, China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Influenza virus infection during pregnancy: a review of risk factors, pathogenic mechanisms, and prevention strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Viral pathogens in the etiology of acute respiratory infections in Bulgaria during the 2024-2025 season and genetic diversity of circulating influenza viruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Generalized additive model integrating multi-source data for short-term influenza forecasting in Shenzhen, China (2023-2025).Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Genetic characteristics of influenza A/H3N2 virus in Jiaxing, China (2019-2024).Virology journal · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the implementation of associated non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) profoundly altered the epidemiology of seasonal influenza viruses. To investigate these changes, we analyzed influenza-like illness samples in Shenzhen, China, across six influenza seasons spanning 2018 to 2024. Influenza activity declined markedly during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic compared with the pre-pandemic period but returned to or even exceeded pre-pandemic levels in the post-pandemic era. Phylogenetic analysis of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes from 58 H1N1pdm09, 78 H3N2, and 97 B/Victoria isolates revealed substantial genetic divergence from the WHO-recommended vaccine strains. Notably, key mutations in the HA genes of H1N1pdm09, H3N2, and B/Victoria viruses were concentrated in the receptor-binding site (RBS) and adjacent antigenic sites. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays demonstrated that most circulating viruses remained antigenically matched to their corresponding vaccine strains. However, significant antigenic drift was observed in H3N2 clade 3C.2a1b.1b viruses during the 2018-2019 season and in B/Victoria clade V1A.3a.2 viruses during the 2023-2024 season. These findings highlight the impact of NPIs and pandemic-related disruptions on influenza virus circulation and evolution, providing critical insights for future surveillance and public health preparedness.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.