Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40573401›Full record

ArticleViruses2025

Validated Methods for Inactivation of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Compatible with Immune-Based and Enzymatic Downstream Analyses.

Simone Leoni, Stephen L Leib, Katharina Summermatter, Denis Grandgirard

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Simone LeoniInstitute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0009-0007-7926-6934
Stephen L LeibInstitute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-1106-6123
Katharina SummermatterInstitute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-5519-5966
Denis GrandgirardInstitute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-4151-5196

Funding

Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Switzerland MA-03
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus (TBEV) is impacting public health in the Eurasian region, with increasing case numbers. There is, therefore, a need to expand research efforts and the corresponding infrastructure capacity. Since TBEV is classified as a risk group 3 organism in Switzerland, handling infectious material containing the virus is restricted to biosafety level 3 laboratories. In some instances, downstream analyses may need to be performed outside of the containment facility. It is, therefore, essential to validate effective inactivation protocols compatible with the safe and accurate processing of samples. This study evaluated UV irradiation, chemical treatment with detergents, and mechanical filtration as candidate methods to inactivate TBEV infectious samples, including culture supernatants and tissue homogenates, while preserving their compatibility for different assays. Among the methods tested, 45 s of UV irradiation or Triton-X100 at concentrations between 0.05% and 0.1% effectively inactivated TBEV while mostly preserving the integrity of the processed samples for immuno- or enzymatic assays. These findings establish safe and reliable procedures for advancing TBEV research beyond high-containment settings.

Indexed as

Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-BorneVirus InactivationAnimalsDetergentsEncephalitis, Tick-BorneFiltrationUltraviolet RaysDetergentsbiosafetyenzymatic assaysflavivirusimmuno-assayinactivationTick-Borne Encephalitis Virus (TBEV)

Identifiers

PMID40573401
PMCPMC12197580

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.