Evidence mapPaperPMID 40574087Full record

ReviewPharmaceutics2025

Intranasal Drug Delivery Technology in the Treatment of Central Nervous System Diseases: Challenges, Advances, and Future Research Directions.

Xunxun Wu, Ranqing Zang, Yiting Qiu, Yufang Zhang, Junbin Peng, Zhiyun Cheng, Site Wei, Meiyan Liu, Yong Diao

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmaceutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xunxun WuSchool of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1536-634X
Ranqing ZangSchool of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
Yiting QiuSchool of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
Yufang ZhangSchool of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
Junbin PengSchool of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
Zhiyun ChengSchool of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
Site WeiSchool of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
Meiyan LiuSchool of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
Yong DiaoSchool of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0633-1906

Funding

Fujian Natural Science Foundation 2022J05062Scientific Research Funds of Huaqiao University 21bs126Xiamen Natural Science Foundation 3502Z20227041
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As population aging becomes an increasingly critical global issue, the incidence of central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and stroke, has risen sharply. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) presents a significant obstacle to the effective treatment of these CNS disorders, limiting the ability of therapeutic agents to reach the brain. In this context, intranasal drug delivery, which bypasses the BBB, has attracted considerable attention in recent years. By utilizing pathways such as the olfactory and trigeminal nerves, intranasal drug delivery facilitates the rapid transport of drugs to the brain, thereby enhancing both the bioavailability and targeting efficiency of the drugs. This review provides an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying intranasal drug delivery, its advancements in the treatment of CNS diseases, strategies to improve delivery efficiency, and a discussion of the challenges and potential future directions in this field. The aim of this paper is to offer valuable insights and guidance for researchers and clinicians working in the area of CNS disease treatment.

Indexed as

Alzheimer’s diseaseblood–brain barriercentral nervous systemhydrogelsintranasal drug deliverynanotechnologyolfactory nerve pathwaysmall moleculestrigeminal nerve pathway

Identifiers

PMID40574087
PMCPMC12197310

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.