SynthesisFrontiers in oncology2025
Global burden of breast cancer and application of patient-reported outcomes in clinical trials: a systematic analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021 and WHO international clinical trial register database.
Synthesis in Frontiers in oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Suppression of STK11 induces expansion of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressive cells and activation of immune signaling in breast cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- From epidemiology to precision prevention: Why the latest breast cancer roadmap deserves your attention.Journal of biological methods · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide, significantly compromising the survival and quality of life of patients. This study aims to evaluate the global burden and the application of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in clinical trials of breast cancer. Methods: Data of breast cancer burden is extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 database. This study analyzes geographic patterns, temporal trends and age patterns of female breast cancer disease burden globally and explored the association between age standardised rates for disability adjusted life years (ASDR) of female breast cancer and sociodemographic index (SDI). The interventional clinical trials of breast cancer are selected in the WHO International Clinical Trial Register database from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2022. The application of PROs is classified into three categories: 1) precisely listed PRO instruments as outcomes, 2) mentioned patient subjective feelings without clarifying specified PRO instruments, and 3) not mentioned any PROs as outcomes. Results: Globally, in 2021 the age standardised rates for point prevalence of female breast cancer per 100000 population was 450.64 (427.02 to 475.96), the age standardised rates for incidence (ASIR) per 100000 population was 46.40 (43.26 to 49.56), and the ASDR per 100000 population was 455.56 (426.64 to 485.30). Compared with 1990, the ASIR of female breast cancer in 2021 had increased while the ASDR had decreased globally. Trials involving PROs only account for 37.87% (3968/10478). The Visual Analog Scale and Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 are the most common instruments in these trials. Conclusions: The disease burden of breast cancer is severe and varied worldwide while the application of PROs in clinical trials remains noteworthy. Increasing population awareness about policy for breast cancer care and the application of specific PRO instruments is warranted to reduce the future burden of disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.