Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40576402›Full record

Observational studyAnnals of African medicine2026

Mind Over Matter: Cognitive Decline in Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-sectional Analysis.

Vidya Sagar Ram, Anita Anita, Aaditya Shivhare, Amit Varshney

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Annals of African medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Vidya Sagar RamDepartment of Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Etawah, India.
Anita AnitaDepartment of Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Etawah, India.
Aaditya ShivhareTransfusion Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Etawah, India.
Amit VarshneyDepartment of General Medicine, Noida International Institute of Medical Sciences, Gautam Buddh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionChronic kidney disease (CKD) affects up to 15% of the global population, with cognitive impairment frequently reported in patients, particularly those undergoing hemodialysis (HD). The study aims to analyze cognitive performance differences between patients receiving conservative management and those on HD in India. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis observational cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2021 and April 2023, involving 1214 end-stage CKD patients - 604 on conservative therapy and 610 on HD. Neurocognitive assessment tools included the abbreviated mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Addenbrooke's cognitive examination III (ACE-III), Grober and Buschke Test, Trail Making Tests, Stroop Test, and Boston Naming Test. Statistical analysis utilized the Wilcoxon and Chi-square tests for group comparisons.

resultsThe HD group demonstrated significantly lower scores in the ACE-III visuospatial domain ( P = 0.00685) and verbal inhibitory control ( P = 0.011) assessed by the INECO frontal screening test. No significant differences were observed in global cognitive performance based on MMSE or other ACE-III domains. In addition, 16.7% of HD patients had deficient Stroop test scores, and 33.3% were unable to complete it due to visual difficulties. DISCUSSION: The findings highlight selective deficits in frontal-executive functions among HD patients, potentially reflecting subcortical and vascular pathophysiology due to hemodynamic stress and cerebral hypoperfusion. These results underscore the need for routine cognitive screening in CKD patients to guide treatment strategies.

conclusionPatients with end-stage CKD on HD exhibited significant impairments in executive function compared to those under conservative management. Incorporating neurocognitive evaluations into clinical practice can enhance treatment decision-making and improve patient outcomes.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionKidney Failure, ChronicRenal DialysisAdultAgedCognitionConservative TreatmentCross-Sectional StudiesExecutive FunctionFemaleHumansIndiaMaleMental Status and Dementia TestsMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsAltération cognitiveChronic kidney diseasecognitive impairmentévaluation neurocognitiveexecutive functionfonction exécutivemaladie rénale chroniqueneurocognitive assessment

Identifiers

PMID40576402
PMCPMC13056325

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.