ArticlePloS one2025
The relationship between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and all-cause mortality in patients with peripheral artery disease.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPeripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common atherosclerotic condition that leads to limb dysfunction and increases mortality risk. Malnutrition is closely related to the long-term mortality of PAD patients. Therefore, studying the relationship between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and long-term mortality in patients with PAD is crucial for identifying high-risk populations and developing targeted interventions.
methodsData were sourced from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 1999-2004, including 532 PAD patients. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox regression models assessed the relationship between GNRI and all-cause mortality in PAD patients. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore differences based on demographic and disease backgrounds.
resultsDuring the follow-up period, a total of 415 all-cause deaths were recorded. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed significant differences in mortality rates between the different GNRI quartile groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation between GNRI and the long-term mortality risk of PAD patients (HR: 0.950, 95%CI: 0.918, 0.983). Compared to the first GNRI quartile, PAD patients in the third (HR: 0.569, 95%CI: 0.357, 0.909) and fourth (HR: 0.396, 95%CI: 0.208, 0.751) quartiles had a significantly reduced risk of long-term mortality. Restrictive cubic spline analysis showed a significant linear negative correlation between GNRI and all-cause mortality in PAD patients. The subgroup analysis results showed that the negative correlation between GNRI and all-cause mortality in PAD patients was significant in all subgroups except for the female subgroup, subgroup with ABI > 0.7, subgroup without smoking history, and subgroup without hypertension.
conclusionThere is a significant negative association between GNRI and all-cause mortality in PAD patients, suggesting that malnutrition may be a key factor affecting the prognosis of PAD patients. Early identification and intervention for malnutrition could reduce long-term mortality risks. Future research should further explore the role of nutritional interventions in the management of PAD and validate the findings of this study.
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