Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40586844›Full record

ArticleSurgery today2025

The preoperative cachexia index predicts outcomes after pancreatic resection for resectable pancreatic cancer.

Ryoga Hamura, Yoshihiro Shirai, Masashi Tsunematsu, Yosuke Igarashi, Teruyuki Takishima, Koichiro Haruki, Norimitsu Okui, Kyohei Abe, Kenei Furukawa, Michinori Matsumoto and 3 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Surgery today, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Ryoga HamuraDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan. rhamura@jikei.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1670-4435
Yoshihiro ShiraiDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
Masashi TsunematsuDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
Yosuke IgarashiDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
Teruyuki TakishimaDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
Koichiro HarukiDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
Norimitsu OkuiDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
Kyohei AbeDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
Kenei FurukawaDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
Michinori MatsumotoDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
Shinji OndaDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
Tadashi UwagawaDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
Toru IkegamiDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 22K16523Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 25K19779
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe cachexia index (CXI) is a numerical measure of cachexia, calculated based on the skeletal muscle area and blood test values. However, the relationship between the preoperative CXI levels and pancreatic cancer prognosis has not been investigated.

methodsThis retrospective study included 310 patients who underwent resection of resectable pancreatic cancer. We investigated the impact of CXI-low levels on the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients following pancreatic resection for resectable pancreatic cancer.

resultsThere were 121 (42%) and 167 (58%) patients enrolled in the CXI-low and CXI-high groups, respectively. Multivariate analyses of the prognostic factors identified that CXI-low was an independent predictor of both DFS (hazard ratio [HR] 2.08, p < 0.01) and OS (HR 2.33, p < 0.01). In the CXI-low group, the time to recurrence was shorter (p < 0.01) and the initial treatment at recurrence was more difficult to initiate (p = 0.03). Similarly, for patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, CXI-low was an independent predictor of DFS (HR 3.73, p < 0.01) and OS (HR 16.9, p < 0.01).

conclusionPreoperative CXI-low can be a significant prognostic factor for poor DFS and OS of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer. These results suggest that preoperative cancer cachexia influences the intensity of postoperative treatment.

Indexed as

CachexiaPancreatectomyPancreatic NeoplasmsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMuscle, SkeletalNeoadjuvant TherapyPreoperative PeriodPrognosisBiomarkersCachexiaCachexia indexNeoadjuvant chemotherapyResectable pancreatic cancer

Identifiers

PMID40586844

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.