Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40588647›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2025

Variation in uptake of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor analogues in adults with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk.

Juliana de Oliveira Costa, Jialing Lin, Tamara Y Milder, Alys Havard, Jerry R Greenfield, Richard O Day, Brendon L Neuen, Alice A Gibson, Jedidiah I Morton, Julian W Sacre and 2 more

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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Juliana de Oliveira CostaMedicines Intelligence Research Program, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Room 209, Samuels Building (F25), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. j.costa@unsw.edu.au.
Jialing LinMedicines Intelligence Research Program, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Room 209, Samuels Building (F25), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
Tamara Y MilderDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Alys HavardMedicines Intelligence Research Program, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Room 209, Samuels Building (F25), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
Jerry R GreenfieldDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Richard O DayDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Brendon L NeuenThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Alice A GibsonMenzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Jedidiah I MortonBaker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Julian W SacreBaker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Sallie-Anne PearsonMedicines Intelligence Research Program, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Room 209, Samuels Building (F25), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
Michael O FalsterMedicines Intelligence Research Program, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Room 209, Samuels Building (F25), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Ideas Grant 2002889; 1183273National Heart Foundation of Australia 107048; 105609NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Medicines Intelligence 1196900NHMRC Emerging Leader Investigator Grant 2026621; APP1173784Ramaciotti Foundation 2023HIG69
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeWe quantified variation in the uptake of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor analogues (GLP-1RA) across sociodemographic, behavioural and clinical characteristics of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) at high cardiovascular risk.

methodsWe used the 45 and Up Study survey data (2018-2020) linked to dispensing and service claims for 10,171 people with T2D (56% male, median age of 72 years, median diabetes duration of 11 years). We calculated the prevalence of GLP-1RA and SGLT2i use within 1 year and used logistic regressions to assess associations with each participant characteristic.

resultsWe found that 2270 (22.3%) people with T2D used SGLT2i and 679 (6.7%) used GLP-1RA. Use of these medicines was higher in people diagnosed with diabetes for a longer period, a high number of comorbidities and survey year, decreased in older people, and varied by sex. After adjusting for these factors, utilisation of these medicines was lower among people who consume alcohol (versus non-drinkers) and higher among those with overweight or obesity. SGLT2i use was also higher in people who were less physically active or had established cardiovascular disease and lower in people with anxiety or depression. GLP-1RA use was higher among people with poorer health and lower in people born outside Australia/New Zealand.

conclusionPrevalent use of SGLT2i and GLP-1RA was suboptimal and varied across clinical characteristics and behavioural risk factors. While some variation reflects complexities in prescribing for this older population, there remains opportunity for optimised prescribing within this high-risk population.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansMaleMiddle AgedGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsPharmacoepidemiologySodium -glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitorType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID40588647
PMCPMC12398476

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.