ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Targeting oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy: mechanisms, pathology, and novel treatment approaches.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Risk factors for the occurrence and progression of diabetic retinopathy in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Redox regulation of PDE6 and cGMP signaling in diabetic retinal neurodegeneration.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Contrast Sensitivity Impairment in Diabetic Retinopathy: Clinical and Structural Correlates.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Bioactive Properties of Carotenoids in Ocular Diseases: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Neuroprotective Effects.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Hydroxysafflor Yellow A for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Critical Review of Retinal Neurovascular Mechanisms and Systemic-to-Ocular Pharmacokinetic Barriers.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Reactive oxygen species in thoracic aortic dissection: Insights into mechanisms and disease progression.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential of N6-methyladenosine modification in retinal diseases (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Chitosan-Functionalized Liposome-Mediated Fundus Delivery of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate for Diabetic Retinopathy Therapy.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Nanosized Cerium Phosphate: Synthesis Methods, Morphology, and Potential Applications in Biomedicine.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial homeostasis: A new perspective on ophthalmic disease treatment.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2026Review
- The protective role of vitamin C in diabetic retinopathy and TPT1 as a potential therapeutic target.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- Retinal Outcomes in Diabetes: Antihyperglycemic Therapy, EWDR, and Perioperative Considerations.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenic Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Clinical Implications.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Environmental Exposures and Oxidative Stress in Retinal and Optic Nerve Diseases: Mechanisms, Consequences, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Hydrogen sulfide in ocular physiology and pathology: molecular Mechanisms, therapeutic Paradoxes, and delivery challenges.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Emerging Breakthroughs in Nano-Ginseng Innovations and Their Therapeutic Implications in Type 2 Diabetes.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Neuroprotection in Diabetes Retinal Disease: An Unmet Medical Need.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Freeze-Dried Extracts ofPreventive nutrition and food science · 2026Article
- Neurovascular unit uncoupling in diabetic retinopathy: molecular mechanisms and stage-adapted therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Associations between cMIND diet, mold exposure, and visual impairment among older adults in China: a national cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common and severe microvascular complication of diabetes, leading to vision impairment and blindness, particularly in working-age adults. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis of DR, with excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) damaging retinal tissues, including blood vessels and neurons. This oxidative damage is exacerbated through various metabolic pathways, such as the polyol pathway, protein kinase C(PKC) activation, and advanced glycation end-product(AGE) formation. Additionally, mitochondrial dysfunction, retinal cell apoptosis, inflammation, and lipid peroxidation are key pathological processes associated with oxidative stress in DR. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone alterations, further contribute to gene expression changes induced by oxidative stress. To mitigate oxidative damage, therapeutic strategies targeting ROS production, neutralizing free radicals, and enhancing antioxidant defenses hold promise. Various natural antioxidant compounds, such as polyphenols (e.g., epigallocatechin-3-gallate, quercetin, resveratrol) and carotenoids (e.g., lutein, zeaxanthin), have demonstrated potential in reducing oxidative stress and improving retinal health in DR models. Moreover, activation of the Nrf2 and SIRT1 pathways has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the antioxidant response. Although preclinical studies show promising results, further clinical trials are necessary to validate the efficacy and safety of these therapeutic strategies. In conclusion, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying oxidative stress in DR and the development of multi-target therapies could provide more effective treatment options for DR patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.