Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40590415›Full record

ArticleAustralasian journal on ageing2025

Analgesic and adjuvant co-prescribing in Australian and Finnish residential care homes.

Laura A Dowd, Kaisu H Pitkälä, Agathe D Jadczak, Hanna-Maria Roitto, Ulla L Aalto, Riitta K T Saarela, Renuka Visvanathan, Shin J Liau, Amanda J Cross, J Simon Bell

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Australasian journal on ageing, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Laura A DowdCentre for Medicine Use and Safety (CMUS), Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2228-5508
Kaisu H PitkäläDepartment of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Agathe D JadczakAdelaide Geriatrics Training and Research with Aged Care (GTRAC) Centre, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7501-7996
Hanna-Maria RoittoDepartment of Geriatrics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Ulla L AaltoDepartment of Geriatrics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Riitta K T SaarelaDepartment of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Renuka VisvanathanAdelaide Geriatrics Training and Research with Aged Care (GTRAC) Centre, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1303-9479
Shin J LiauCentre for Medicine Use and Safety (CMUS), Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-0572
Amanda J CrossCentre for Medicine Use and Safety (CMUS), Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6001-9211
J Simon BellCentre for Medicine Use and Safety (CMUS), Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Funding

Australian Government Research Training Program ScholarshipDepartment for Innovation and Skills, Government of South AustraliaHealthy Aging Research ConsortiumHospital Research FoundationMonash UniversityNational Health and Medical Research CouncilNHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Frailty and Healthy AgeingNHMRC Emerging Leadership 1 APP2009633Resthaven IncSouth Australian Department for Innovation and Skills
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo explore the co-prescribing of analgesic and/or adjuvant medications among residents of Australian and Finnish residential care homes.

methodSecondary cross-sectional analyses of prescribing data from residents of 12 Australian residential care homes in 2019 and 53 Finnish nursing homes and assisted living facilities in 2017-2018. Demographic characteristics and medication data were extracted from medical records and medication administration charts. Co-prescribing was defined as more than one analgesic (acetaminophen, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids) and/or adjuvant (gabapentinoids, tricyclic antidepressants and duloxetine) medication prescribed for regular administration.

resultsOverall, 550 Australian residents (89 [IQR 84-92] years; 73% females) and 2423 Finnish residents (84 [IQR 65-103] years; 74% females) were included. Of 416 Australian residents prescribed any regular analgesic or adjuvant, 181 (44%) were prescribed two or more, including 66 (16%) who were prescribed three or more. Of 1406 Finnish residents prescribed any regular analgesic or adjuvant, 469 (33%) were prescribed two or more, including 87 (6%) who were prescribed three or more. Acetaminophen was co-prescribed to more than 75% of Australian and 43% of Finnish residents prescribed other analgesics or adjuvants. Of 61 Australian residents and 186 Finnish residents prescribed gabapentinoids, 38 (62%) and 86 (46%) were co-prescribed opioids. Opioids were co-prescribed to 59%-83% of Australian and 25%-46% of Finnish residents prescribed adjuvants.

conclusionsAnalgesic and adjuvant co-prescribing was more prevalent for Australian than Finnish residents, which was largely driven by acetaminophen co-prescribing to more than three quarters of analgesic or adjuvant users in Australia. Central nervous system-active polypharmacy arising from high rates of adjuvant and opioid co-prescribing warrants further attention.

Indexed as

AnalgesicsHomes for the AgedNursing HomesPractice Patterns, Physicians'AgedAged, 80 and overAustraliaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFinlandHumansMalePolypharmacyAnalgesicsanalgesicsnursing Homespain Managementpolypharmacy

Identifiers

PMID40590415
PMCPMC12210788

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.