Evidence mapPaperPMID 40595151Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Family history of non-communicable diseases and the risk of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.

Hyeseung Lee, Jinyoung Jeong, Yesol Yim, Lee Smith, Damiano Pizzol, Jiyoung Hwang, Dong Keon Yon

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Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hyeseung Lee *Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Jinyoung Jeong *Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Yesol Yim *Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
Lee SmithCentre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
Damiano PizzolHealth Unit, Eni, San Donato Milanese, Italy.
Jiyoung HwangDepartment of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. cindy.jyhwang@gmail.com.
Dong Keon YonDepartment of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. yonkkang@gmail.com.

Funding

Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea RS-2024-00460379
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM)-related diseases are known to be influenced by family history; however, few studies have analyzed associations between them. Thus, this study aims to analyze associations between family history of non-communicable diseases with CKM-related diseases and CKM stages. This study utilized data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to calculate the weighted prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of CKM syndrome and CKM-related diseases based on family history of non-communicable diseases including hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, ischemic heart disease, and stroke. Adjusted odds ratios() with 95% CI were calculated using multivariable logistic regression and partial proportional odds models. CKM syndrome was classified according to the criteria established by the American Heart Association (early-advanced stage, 0-4). This study analyzed family history, prevalence rates of CKM-related diseases, and CKM syndrome stages in 57,340 participants. The results indicated higher prevalence rates for individuals with a family history of CKM-related diseases. Furthermore, individuals with such a history were at greater risk of being classified into more advanced stages of CKM syndrome compared to those without. In particular, when focusing on the most advanced stage (stage ≥ 4) of CKM syndrome, a family history of hypertension increased the risk by 43% (95% CI, 32-54), diabetes by 54% (41-67), hyperlipidemia by 97% (41-67), ischemic heart disease by 147% (123-173), and stroke by 106% (90-124). The family history of CKM-related diseases may increase the prevalence of these diseases and influence CKM syndrome progression stages. These findings suggest implementing early diagnosis and management programs that take family history into account.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesKidney DiseasesMetabolic SyndromeNoncommunicable DiseasesAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysPrevalenceRepublic of KoreaRisk FactorsAmerican heart associationCKM syndromeFamily historySouth Korea

Identifiers

PMID40595151
PMCPMC12218892

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.