Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40597012›Full record

ArticleBMC neurology2025

Associations between serum lipid levels and cognitive impairment in hypertensive patients: a case-control study.

Shunxin Lv, Huachen Jiao, Xia Zhong, Ying Qu, Mengdi Zhang, Rui Wang, Donghai Liu, Xipeng Yan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Shunxin LvFirst Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 42, Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, The People's Republic of China.
Huachen JiaoDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 42, Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, The People's Republic of China. Liyixuan0531@163.com.
Xia ZhongInstitute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, The People's Republic of China.
Ying QuFirst Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 42, Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, The People's Republic of China.
Mengdi ZhangFirst Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 42, Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, The People's Republic of China.
Rui WangFirst Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 42, Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, The People's Republic of China.
Donghai LiuSchool of Laboratory Animal & Shandong Laboratory Animal Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, The People's Republic of China. Liudonghai@sdfmu.edu.cn.
Xipeng YanDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, The People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivePrevious studies have shown that lower serum lipid levels are associated with the development of cognitive impairment (CI), dementia, and Alzheimer's disease. However, the relationship between serum lipid levels and CI in hypertensive patients has not been determined. This case-control study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum lipid levels and CI in hypertensive patients.

methodsA total of 1840 hypertensive patients (age: 69.70 ± 6.07; sex: male: 908/49.35%) were enrolled in this study, including 460 hypertensive patients with CI and 1380 hypertensive patients with normal cognitive function matched 1:3 by age and sex. The cognitive function and sleep quality of hypertensive patients were assessed using the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The relationship between serum lipid levels and CI in hypertensive patients was analyzed using multifactorial logistic regression. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation of serum lipid levels with MMSE scores and PSQI total scores in hypertensive patients.

resultsAfter adjusting for all factors, serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were negatively correlated with CI in hypertensive patients (OR = 0.823, 95%CI: 0.729-0.928, P = 0.001), and this association remained significant in patients with at least a junior high school education (OR = 0.727, 95%CI: 0.592-0.894, P = 0.002). However, serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were not correlated with CI in patients with hypertension (P > 0.05). In addition, serum LDL-C levels were positively correlated with MMSE total score (r = 0.139, P < 0.001), orientation (r = 0.118, P < 0.001), memory (r = 0.057, P = 0.014), attention and numeracy (r = 0.091, P < 0.001), recall ability (r = 0.065, P = 0.005), and language ability (r = 0.107, P < 0.030); serum TG, TC, and LDL-C levels were negatively correlated with PSQI total score (r = - 0.051, P = 0.029; r = - 0.090, P < 0.001; r = - 0.082, P < 0.001).

conclusionLower serum LDL-C levels are associated with CI in hypertensive patients. Although causality cannot be inferred, findings suggest that LDL-C may be a relevant biomarker in cognitive screening. Therefore, serum lipid levels should be reasonably controlled according to their individual conditions.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionHypertensionLipidsAgedCase-Control StudiesCholesterol, LDLFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedCholesterol, LDLLipidsCognitive impairmentHypertensionLipidsSleep quality

Identifiers

PMID40597012
PMCPMC12219985

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.