Evidence mapPaperPMID 40598591Full record

ArticleDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2025

Association of triglyceride-glucose index with all-cause and non-cardiovascular mortality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: an age-stratified analysis.

Xiao Hu, Jing Xu, Yang Gu

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Article in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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1 citing paper in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Xiao HuDepartment of Cardiology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223300, China.
Jing XuDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China.
Yang GuDepartment of Cardiology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223300, China. guyang1028@163.com.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82370089
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe predictive value of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations between the TyG index and all-cause and non-cardiovascular (non-CV) mortality in an OSA cohort, focusing on age differences.

methodsThis study enrolled 10,274 patients with OSA from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2008 and 2015-2018). Mortality outcomes were ascertained by linking to National Death Index records through December 31, 2019. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models with restricted cubic splines and interaction tests with age were employed to evaluate the association between the TyG index and all-cause and non-CV mortality. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate mortality differences.

resultsDuring a mean follow-up of 88 months, 1027 all-cause deaths occurred, of which non-CV deaths accounted for 77.8% of the total mortality burden. After fully adjusting for potential confounders, our study explored a U-shaped association between the TyG index and all-cause/non-CV mortality (both non-linear p < 0.001), with inflection points at 9.27 and 9.2. Age yielded a statistically significant interaction between the TyG index and mortality. The TyG index was linearly associated with higher risks of all-cause [Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.30, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.09-1.55, p = 0.004] and non-CV mortality (HR 1.33, 95% CI: 1.08-1.62, p = 0.006) in participants aged < 65, but not in participants age ≥ 65. Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that the patients with the higher TyG index had a significantly lower survival probability (All-cause mortality: p for log-rank test < 0.001; non-CV mortality: p for log-rank test = 0.001).

conclusionsThis study identified a U-shaped association between the TyG index and all-cause and non-CV mortality in an OSA population, with a statistically significant interaction with age. A linear relationship was detected between the TyG index and mortality in those aged < 65, while a non-linear association was established in those aged ≥ 65.

Indexed as

Age interactionMortalityNHANESTriglyceride-glucose index

Identifiers

PMID40598591
PMCPMC12219928

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.