Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40600477›Full record

ArticlePsychiatry and clinical neurosciences2025

Cognitive subtypes in youth at clinical high risk for psychosis.

Walid Yassin, James B Green, Matcheri Keshavan, Elisabetta C Del Re, Jean Addington, Carrie E Bearden, Kristin S Cadenhead, Tyrone D Cannon, Barbara A Cornblatt, Daniel H Mathalon and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Walid YassinDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9612-0485
James B GreenDepartment of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Matcheri KeshavanDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Elisabetta C Del ReDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Jean AddingtonDepartment of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Carrie E BeardenDepartments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Kristin S CadenheadDepartment of Psychiatry, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Tyrone D CannonDepartments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Barbara A CornblattDepartment of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Long Island, New York, USA.
Daniel H MathalonDepartment of Psychiatry, UCSF, and SF VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.
Diana O PerkinsDepartment of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Elaine F WalkerDepartments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Scott W WoodsDepartments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
William S StoneDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Funding

STRESS AND EMOTIONAL REACTIVITYP50MH066286 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI CANNON, TYRONE D · 2003 to 2014
$18.6M
1/9 Predictors and Mechanisms of Conversion to PsychosisU01MH081902 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI CANNON, TYRONE D · 2008 to 2018
$12.4M
5/9 Predictors and Mechanisms of Conversion to PsychosisU01MH082004 · NIMH · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI PERKINS, DIANA O. · 2008 to 2018
$7.5M
Administrative Supplement Harmonization of At Risk Multisite Observational Networks for Youth(HARMONY)U01MH081928 · NIMH · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI STONE, WILLIAM SETH · 2008 to 2018
$7.1M
4/9-Predictors and Mechanisms of Conversion to PsychosisU01MH081857 · NIMH · FEINSTEIN INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH · PI CORNBLATT, BARBARA A. · 2008 to 2018
$6.2M
8/9 Predictors and Mechanisms of Conversion to PsychosisU01MH082022 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI WOODS, SCOTT W · 2008 to 2018
$6.0M
2/9 - Predictors and Mechanisms of Conversion to PsychosisU01MH081988 · NIMH · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI WALKER, ELAINE FRAN · 2008 to 2018
$5.4M
6/9-Predictors and Mechanisms of Conversion to PsychosisU01MH081944 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI CADENHEAD, KRISTIN S. · 2008 to 2018
$4.9M
"7/9" Predictors and Mechanisms of Conversion to PsychosisU01MH081984 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY · PI ADDINGTON, JEAN M · 2008 to 2018
$4.2M
VULNERABILITY MARKERS IN PRODROMAL SCHIZOPHRENIAR01MH060720 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI CADENHEAD, KRISTIN S. · 2000 to 2010
$4.0M
9/9-Predictors and Mechanisms of Conversion to PsychosisU01MH076989 · NIMH · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE/RES/EDU · PI MATHALON, DANIEL H · 2014 to 2018
$3.9M
Vulnerability Markers in the Prodrome and First Episode of SchizophreniaK24MH076191 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI CADENHEAD, KRISTIN S. · 2007 to 2011
$679k
NIMH NIH HHS K24 MH076191NIMH NIH HHS P50 MH066286NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH060720NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH133001NIMH NIH HHS R21MH133001NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH076989NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH081857NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH081902NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH081928NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH081944NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH081984NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH081988NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH082004NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH082022
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThis study aimed to identify and characterize cognitive subtypes among youth at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis.

methodsWe conducted a cluster analysis on cognitive measures in a large sample of CHR patients (CHR; n = 764) and healthy controls (HCs; n = 280) from NAPLS-2 (North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study 2). These findings were independently validated using a comparably large sample from NAPLS-3 (n = 628 CHR, 84 HCs). Statistical approaches were employed to compare cognitive, clinical, and functional trajectories at baseline and during 24 months of follow-up, with further analysis of conversion status within these clusters.

resultsTwo cognitive clusters, "impaired" and "intact," were identified in the CHR group. Baseline differences in verbal abilities and attention and working memory domains distinguished the cognitively intact cluster from HCs. Longitudinally, the impaired group displayed a 'floor' effect, with no noticeable deterioration, but showed a "catch-up" trajectory in attention and working memory. This group had a higher conversion rate and more cases diagnosed with psychotic disorders than the intact group. In the intact group, converters exhibited a decline in attention and functioning. Most cognitive trajectories showed a positive relationship with functional outcomes.

conclusionsThe study provides evidence for distinct cognitive subtypes in CHR, independent of conversion status. Early evaluation across cognitive domains is crucial for identifying trajectories to tailor interventions that aim to enhance outcomes for individuals at CHR for psychosis. Future research should focus on longer follow-up trajectories targeting attention and working memory and explore related intervention strategies.

Indexed as

AttentionCognitive DysfunctionMemory, Short-TermProdromal SymptomsPsychotic DisordersAdolescentChildCluster AnalysisDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleNeuropsychological TestsRiskYoung Adultcognitionpsychosisschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID40600477
PMCPMC12513553

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.