ArticleBMC geriatrics2025
Global burden of disease and its risk factors for adults aged 70 and older across 204 countries and territories: a comprehensive analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Clinical Trials for Central Nervous System Injuries.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- [Walkability in older age: built environment factors and function-sensitive assessment in urban areas].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2026Review
- Mitochondria-Targeted Nanotherapies in Aging Neurodegenerative Disorders: Emerging Prospects and Clinical Potential.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Global burden and trends of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer in adolescents and young adults: a secondary analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Temporal Trends and Socio-Demographic Disparities in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- From metabolic node to smart building block: α-Ketoglutarate-empowered biomaterials for programmable cell fate.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Article
- Effect of a community-based nutrition intervention incorporating social cognitive theory constructs and transtheoretical model-based counseling among community-dwelling elderly in Korea: a quasi-experimental study.Korean journal of community nutrition · 2026Article
- The Global Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease Attributable to Hypertension in Young Adults From 1990 to 2021 and Projections to 2050.Balkan medical journal · 2026Observational
- Role of allied health professions in falls prevention for community-dwelling older adults: a scoping review.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Adipose Tissue Aging and Natural Interventions: Potential Roles of Polyphenols and Polysaccharides.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Global, Regional, and National Burden of Oral Diseases in Older Adults Aged 65 Years And Over.International dental journal · 2026Article
- Manual Dexterity Rehabilitation in Parkinson's Disease and Paranoid Schizophrenia: A Controlled Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Clinical profile of geriatric outpatients managed by physiotherapists in a tertiary hospital in Southwest Nigeria.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Digital Geriatric Medical Care in the Era of Big Data: A Narrative Review and Case Study of a Chinese Aged Care Facility.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Beyond patient education: fall prevention knowledge, health literacy, and implementation gaps in Chinese hospitals-a patient-caregiver study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national burdens of non-rheumatic calcific aortic valve disease in middle-aged and elderly populations from 1990 to 2021 and predictions up to 2050: trends, predictions, and health inequity.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Palliative Care in Shanghai Communities: Needs, Influencing Factors and Preferences Among Older Adults with Chronic Diseases.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of gastric cancer attributable to diet high in sodium from 1990 to 2021.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe global older population has been rapidly increasing in recent decades, presenting substantial economic and social challenges.
aimsThis study aims to examine the global disease burden and the associated risk factors among the population aged 70 and older across different regions.
methodsData from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) database were used to analyze global deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and average annual percentage changes to assess disease burden and associated risk factors.
resultsIn 2021, the global population aged 70 and older reached 494.4 (95%UI 482.1-508.2) million. Death and DALY rates have declined by 9.2% (95%CI 5.3-12.7) and 11.0% (95%CI 7.7-14.0) from 1990 to 2021, respectively. However, the global death rate increased to 7,062 per 100,000 population, with DALY rates rising to 125,042 per 100,000. A strong correlation exists between socio-demographic index (SDI) and DALY rates. Regions with lower SDI levels, particularly low and low-middle SDI regions, showed higher DALY rates, reaching 189,563 and 165,080 per 100,000, respectively. The leading causes of death among the older included ischemic heart disease, stroke, COVID-19, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The primary risk factors contributing to DALYs were high systolic blood pressure, air pollution, and tobacco use.
conclusionsThe global disease burden among adults aged 70 and older has shown declines in death and DALY rates, yet remains a significant challenge exacerbated by population growth, especially in less developed regions. Implementing preventive strategies that target primary risk factors early and enhancing treatment of underlying conditions are crucial.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.