ArticleBMC public health2025
Factors associated with parental literacy and hesitancy toward pediatric vaccination.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Parental acceptability of new RSV preventive therapies for infants: A cross-sectional survey in Canada.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Vaccination attitudes and intentions reported by Canadian children and their parents in the CHILD Cohort Study during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Vaccine Hesitancy Among Parents in Croatia: Findings from a Nationwide PACV-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Developing and validating machine learning models to predict vaccine hesitancy and literacy among adults in the United States.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVaccine literacy (knowledge about vaccines and the ability to identify accurate information about them) and vaccine hesitancy (delay in or refusal of vaccination) among parents may affect immunization decision-making and pediatric vaccine uptake. This study aimed to examine the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of parents by vaccine literacy and hesitancy and to assess the relationship between attitudinal, behavioral, and experiential factors and parents' vaccine literacy and hesitancy.
methodsA cross-sectional survey was administered in 2022 to US adults aged ≥ 18 (N = 692) who self-identified as parents/guardians of children aged < 18. Parents were asked questions about their experiences assessing information on pediatric vaccinations, their information-seeking and decision-making practices, interactions with healthcare providers (HCPs) regarding pediatric vaccines, beliefs about vaccine efficacy and safety, trust in scientific and medical information from various sources, perceptions of the danger and severity of vaccine-preventable diseases, and the benefits and convenience of vaccination. High vaccine literacy was defined as being moderately or extremely familiar with the vaccines a child should receive. Vaccine hesitancy was defined as being somewhat or very hesitant, or not sure, about childhood immunizations (i.e., shots). An exploratory factor analysis reflected 7 discrete underlying variables describing self-reported behaviors, beliefs, and experiences regarding childhood vaccination.
resultsVaccine literacy and hesitancy were associated with parents' gender, race/ethnicity, education level, and urbanicity. Factors associated with increased vaccine literacy were positive interactions with HCPs (OR 2.24, P < 0.001), active information-seeking behavior (OR 1.88, P < 0.001), positive beliefs about vaccines (OR 1.39, P = 0.001), and beliefs about vaccination requirements (OR 1.21, P = 0.041). Trouble understanding information from HCPs was associated with decreased vaccine literacy (OR 0.80, P = 0.025). Factors associated with decreased vaccine hesitancy were positive beliefs about vaccines (OR 0.41, P < 0.001), minimal concerns over childhood vaccines (OR 0.46, P < 0.001), and positive interactions with HCPs (OR 0.76, P = 0.002). Increased hesitancy was associated with negative beliefs about vaccines (OR 3.26, P < 0.001) and trouble understanding information from HCPs (OR 1.44, P < 0.001).
conclusionsGreater vaccine literacy levels and less vaccine hesitancy correlated with positive parental beliefs about vaccines and positive interactions with HCPs. Challenges in comprehending HCP-delivered information were correlated with lower literacy and greater hesitancy.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.